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Boards > Prenatal Care > Flashcards

Prenatal Care Flashcards

1
Q

at what gestation is the uterus at the xyphoid process?

A

36 weeks

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2
Q

at what age does the mother feel quickening?

A

20 weeks

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3
Q

labs to do at 16-18 weeks

A

serum markers for NTD

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4
Q

labs to do at 24- 28 weeks

A

glucose screen, Indirect coomb’s if mother is Rh negative and given RhoGam, CBC, RPR

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5
Q

Which vaccine should NOT be given in pregnancy?

A

MMR, varicella

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6
Q

When should Rhogam be given?

A

In Rh neg mother when there is:

  • abdominal trauma
  • amniocentesis
  • abortion
  • 28 weeks gestation

Also given postpartum within 72 hours if baby is Rh positive

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7
Q

What is the emergency care for a pt with prolapsed umbilical cord outside the hospital?

A

Place mother in knee chest or with head down (Trendelenburg) and elevate presenting part, do not stuff cord back in but relieve the pressure on it

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8
Q

A variant of PIH with abnormal LFTs and poor clotting

A

HELLP

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9
Q

Characterized by painless bright bleeding, uterus and soft and nontender

A

placenta previa

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10
Q

Meds that category C, D, and X

A

quinolones, lithium, tetracycline, warfarin, isotretinoin, valproic acid, methotrexate

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11
Q

softening of the isthmus of the uterus

A

Hegars sign

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12
Q

dark blue to purplish-red color of vaginal mucosa

A

Chadwick’s sign

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13
Q

softening of the cervix

A

Goodell’s sign

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14
Q

soft blowing systolic murmur heard down at the sides of the uterus. The sound is synchronous with the maternal pulse.

A

uterine souffle

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15
Q

Para is the number of births (regardless if living) after ___ weeks gestation.

A

20

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16
Q

Term is considered

A

after 37 weeks

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17
Q

Preterm is considered

A

20-37 weeks

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18
Q

Nagele’s rule

A

LMP minus 3 months + 7 days = EDC

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19
Q

f/u care intervals for pregnant women.

A

every 4 weeks until 28 weeks, every 2 weeks until 36 weeks, ever week after 36 weeks

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20
Q

results from contraction from oxytocin release to an infant’s suckling, sight, sound, and smell.

A

let down (milk ejection)

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21
Q

meds for N/V during pregnancy

A

eat small, bland meals; eat dry cracker or toast at breakfast; vitamin B6

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22
Q

Non-stress test

A

Mother presses button when she feels fetal movement

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23
Q

Reassuring or reactive non-stress test:

A

shows at least two 15 beats/min accelerations in fetal heart rate lasting at least 15 seconds in a 20 min period.

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24
Q

most common reason for non-stress test

A

decreased fetal movement

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25
Q

elements of biophysical profile (BPP)

A
  1. fetal tone
  2. gross body movements
  3. breathing movement
  4. amniotic fluid volume
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26
Q

Premature separation of the placenta form the uterine wall.

A

abruptio placentae

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27
Q

s/s of abruptio placentae

A

painful dark red bleeding, hard uterus

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28
Q

Abnormal development of placenta

A

molar pregnancy (trophoblastic disease)

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29
Q

s/s of molar pregnancy (trophoblastic disease)

A

severe N/V at 12-16 weeks gestation, brown discharge

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30
Q

trx for incompetent cervix

A

refer to OB by 12 weeks for cerclage

31
Q

risk factors for PIH

A

primigravida, age less than 20 or older than 35, obesity

32
Q

cerclage is usually placed at

A

14-18 weeks

33
Q

caused by implantation of the placenta near or across the cervical os.

A

placenta previa

34
Q

the rule of thumb is that the # of weeks gestation is the

A

cm of fundal height

35
Q

The rule of thumb is that you want the uterus to be at the ____ right after the placenta delivers

A

umbilicus

36
Q

risk factors for placenta abruptio

A

HTN, preeclampsia, cocaine use

37
Q

seizures with pre-eclampsia is called

A

eclampsia

38
Q

liver function tests during pregnancy

A

all normal except for elevated alkaline phosphatase

39
Q

CBC during pregnancy

A

leukocytosis is normal; low h&h d/t hemodilution

40
Q

low AFP could increase risk for

A

down’s syndrome

41
Q

high AFP could increase risk for

A

neural tube defects

42
Q

screen for Tay-sachs in

A

jewish woemn

43
Q

screen for cystic fibrosis in

A

caucasian

44
Q

normal finding in doubling time

A

hCG levels double every 48 hours during the first 12 weeks

45
Q

popular category B drugs

A

antacids, colace, acetaminophen

46
Q

popular category A drugs

A

insulin, thyroid hormone

47
Q

atbx safe during pregnancy

A

PCN, cephalosporins, macrolides (except for clarithromycin), nitrofurantoin

48
Q

HTN meds safe during pregnancy

A

labetalol, hydralazine, methyldopa

49
Q

category C drugs

A

sulfa, NSAIDs,

50
Q

category D drugs

A

ACEI/ARB, quinolones, tetracyclines

51
Q

sulfa drugs during pregnancy increase risk of

A

hyperbilirubinemia

52
Q

After receiving a live vaccine, the patient should not plan on getting pregnant for

A

at least the next 4 weeks

53
Q

foods to avoid during pregnancy

A

soft cheeses, uncooked meats, cold meats, lunch/deli meat, raw milk, raw fish

54
Q

normal weight gain

A

25-35 lbs

55
Q

positive signs of pregnancy

A

palpation of fetus, US and visualization of fetus, FHT heard at 10-12 weeks

56
Q

probable signs of pregnancy

A

Chadwicks, Goodell’s, Hegar’s sign;
hCG tests;
“quickening”

57
Q

size and date discrepancy is when there is a difference of

A

2 or more cm.

58
Q

BP during pregnancy

A

usually decreases during first and second trimester

59
Q

murmur heard during pregnancy

A

systolic ejection murmur- normal

60
Q

melasma is due to

A

high estrogen levels

61
Q

fundi at 16 weeks

A

between the symphisis pubis and the umbilicus

62
Q

fundi at 12 weeks

A

symphisis pubis

63
Q

fundi at 20 weeks

A

umbilicus

64
Q

first line trx for gestational diabetes

A

lifestyle modifications

65
Q

risk factors for gestational diabetes

A

obesity, macrosomic infant (more than 9 lbs), hx of previous GDM

66
Q

trx for asymptomatic bacteriuria

A

macrobid or amoxicillin/augmentin

67
Q

spontaneous loss of fetus before it is viable (20 weeks)

A

spontaneous abortion

68
Q

when the cervix is dilated and placenta/fetus are expelled

A

complete abortion

69
Q

preeclampsia mostly occurs during

A

3rd trimester

70
Q

triad of preeclampsia

A

HTN, proteinuria, edema (face and hands)

71
Q

difference between preeclampsia and preexisting HTN

A

preeclampsia has to occur after 20 weeks

72
Q

when mother c/o of sore nipples, education includes

A

to NOT stop breastfeeding

73
Q

normal to hear ___ during breastfeeding; whereas it is abnormal to hear ____ during breastfeeding

A

swallowing; clicking

74
Q

trx for mastitis

A

dicloxacillin or cephalexin for 10-14 days

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