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Mental Health Flashcards

1
Q

s/s of serotonin syndrome

A

fever, muscular rigidity, mental status changes, hyperreflexia, shivering

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2
Q

life-threatening idiopathic reaction from typical and atypical antipsychotics

A

malignant neuroleptic syndrome

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3
Q

typical and atypical antipsychotics affect this neurotransmitter

A

dopamine

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4
Q

s/s of malignant neuroleptic syndrome

A

fever, muscular rigidity, mental status changes, urinary incontinence, changes in BP

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5
Q

The Baker Act

A

allows 72 hours of involuntary detention for eval and trx of those who are at high risk of suicide

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6
Q

A questionnaire used to evaluate an individual for dementia and confusion

A

MMSE

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7
Q

adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics

A

weight gain and DM2

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8
Q

olanzapine (Zyprexa)

A

atypical antipsychotic

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9
Q

Rispiradone (Risperdal)

A

atypical antipsychotic

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10
Q

Quetapine (Seroquel)

A

atypical antipsychotic

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11
Q

Haloperidol (Haldol)

A

typical antipsychotic

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12
Q

chlorpromazine

A

typical antipsychotic

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13
Q

adverse effects of typical antipsychotics

A

elevated lipids

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14
Q

Black box warning for typical antipsychotics

A

high risk of death to frail elderly

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15
Q

carbamezapine (Tegretol)

A

anticonvulsant

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16
Q

Lamotragine (Lamictal)

A

anticonvulsant

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17
Q

adverse effect of Lamictal

A

SJS

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18
Q

black box warning for SSRIs

A

high risk of suicide ideation, esp in those less than 24

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19
Q

bupropion (Wellbutrin)

A

atypical antidepressant

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20
Q

bupropion (Wellbutrin) is contraindicated in

A

those with hx of seizures, anorexia, bulimia

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21
Q

venlaxafine (Effexor)

A

SNRI

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22
Q

duloxetine (Cymbalta)

A

SNRI

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23
Q

adverse effects of SNRI

A

can precipitate acute narrow-angle glaucoma

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24
Q

Do not combine these SSRIs with this medication as it may increase risk of serotonin syndrome

A

MAOIs

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25
Q

antidepressant that is category X

A

TCA

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26
Q

SSRI with the longest half life

A

fluoxetine (Prozac)

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27
Q

This SNRI can trx both depression and neuropathic pain

A

Duloxetine (Cymbalta)

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28
Q

side effects of SSRI

A

weight gain, sexual dysfunction, insomnia

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29
Q

SSRIs can induce

A

manic phase in bipolar patients

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30
Q

imipramine (Tofranil)

A

TCA

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31
Q

amitriptyline (Elavil)

A

TCA

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32
Q

nortryptyline (Norpramine)

A

TCA

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33
Q

Phenelzine (Nardil)

A

MAOIs

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34
Q

tranylcypromine (Parnate)

A

MAOIs

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35
Q

Wait until ____ before initiating SSRI or TRCA therapy after use of MAOIs

A

2 weeks

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36
Q

Avoid eating these foods with MAOI

A

high tyramine foods: beer, chianti wine, aged cheese, fava beans

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37
Q

Do not discontinue benzos abruptly because it increase risk of

A

seizures

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38
Q

ultra short acting benzo

A

IV midazolam (versed)

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39
Q

medium acting benzo

A

alprazolam (xanax), lorazepam (Ativan)

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40
Q

long-acting benzo

A

diazepam (valium), clonazepam (Klonopin), temazepam (Restoril)

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41
Q

Depression is due to dysfunction of the neurotransmitters

A

norepinephrine and serotonin

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42
Q

diminished interest or pleasure in all of most activities

A

anhedonia

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43
Q

rule these out before making a diagnosis of depression

A

anemia, hypothyroidism, B12 deficiency, daibetes

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44
Q

Patients taking SSRI with sexual dysfunction

A

add bupropion

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45
Q

drug interactions with St. John’s wort

A

oral contraceptives, SSRI, TCA, MAOI

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46
Q

drug interactions with kava kava and valerian root

A

benzo, hypnotics

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47
Q

examples of MMSE

A

date, location, repeat 3 listed things, count backwards, spell “WORLD” backwards, write a sentence, copy figure

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48
Q

impaired MMSE score

A

less than 24

49
Q

decreases the effectiveness of digoxin

A

st. john’s wort

50
Q

adverse effects of antipsychotics

A

extrapyramidal symptoms: pill-rolling, shuffling gait, bradykinesia, akinesia

51
Q

inability to initiate movement; can be an adverse effect of antipsychotics

A

akinesia

52
Q

a strong inner feeling to move, unable to stay still; can be an adverse effect of antipsychotics

A

akathisia

53
Q

involuntary movements of the lips (smacking), tongue, face, trunk, and extremities

A

tardive dyskinesia

54
Q

alcohol limit guidelines for americans

A

women: 1 drink/day; men: 2 drinks/day

55
Q

binge drinking is

A

more than 5 drinks on a single occasion in males (4 in females)

56
Q

lone elevation of this is a possible sign of alcohol abuse

A

GGT

57
Q

lab with alcoholic hepatitis

A

AST is double the level of ALT

58
Q

CAGE questionaire

A

C: Do you feel the need to CUT down?
A: Are you ANNOYED when people make comments about your drinking?
G: Do you feel GUILTY about your drinking?
E: Do you need to drink EARLY in the morning?
(positive if more than 2/4)

59
Q

Meds for alcoholics

A

disulfiram (Antabuse), Naltrexone (Vivitrol)

60
Q

side effect of Antabuse

A

severe N/V, headache

61
Q

s/s of Korsakoff’s syndrome

A

confusion, coma, hypotension

62
Q

trx for Korsakoff’s syndrome

A

high dose thiamine (B1)

63
Q

chronic insomnia is for

A

more than 3 weeks

64
Q

s/s of anorexia

A

xerosis, lanugo, peripheral edema, amenorrhea

65
Q

anorexic patients are at high risk of

A

osteoporosis

66
Q

SSRI with highest side effect of erectile dysfunction

A

Paxil

67
Q

complications of anorexia

A

hypotension, bradycardia, mitral valve prolapse

68
Q

s/s of bulimia

A

normal weight, hypotension, tachycardia, parotid gland swelling, erosion of tooth enamel.

69
Q

bulimia is associated with

A

diabetes

70
Q

first line medication for bulimia

A

fluoxetine (Prozac)

71
Q

an illness fabricated by the parent

A

Munchausen by proxy

72
Q

the reason for hypoactive sexual disorder

A

low testosterone

73
Q

PDE5 inhibitors

A

sildenafil (Viagra), vardenafil (Levitra), tadalafil (Cialis)

74
Q

contraindication of those taking PDE5 inhibitors with

A

nitrates

75
Q

education about Viagra and Levitra

A

have rapid onset of action and work for a short period of time. best to take on empty stomach; avoid with high fat meal

76
Q

education about tadalafil (Cialis)

A

long half life; no diet limitations

77
Q

undesirable physical events or experiences that occur during entry in sleep.

A

parasomnias

78
Q

cocaine is a

A

stimulant

79
Q

GAD are symptoms of anxiety for more than

A

6 months

80
Q

s/s of GAD

A

restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, sleep disturbance

81
Q

problem with discontinuing benzo

A

rebound insomnia

82
Q

side effects of SSRIs in older adults

A

hyponatremia, bleeding, osteoporosis, serotonin syndrome

83
Q

TCA carry a high risk of

A

cardiac dysrythmias

84
Q

s/s of anxiety in adolescents

A

anger and disobedience

85
Q

s/s of panic disorder

A

symptoms peak in 10 min with palpitations, sweating, trembling, SOB, nausea, lightheadness

86
Q

first line trx for OCD

A

exposure and response prevention (CBT)

87
Q

inability to interpret sensory information

A

agnosia

88
Q

inability to perform purposeful action

A

apraxia

89
Q

progressive cognitive decline, common in those greater than 60

A

alzheimer’s dementia

90
Q

fluctuating cognition associated with parkinsonism, hallucinations and delusions, gait difficulties, and falls.

A

Lewy body dementia

91
Q

trx for mild dementia

A

cholinesterase inhibitors

92
Q

donepezil (Aricept)

A

cholinesterase inhibitors

93
Q

rivastigmine (Exelon)

A

cholinesterase inhibitors

94
Q

for moderate to severe dementia

A

cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine (Namenda), or antipsychotics

95
Q

Neurologic complication of illness and/or medication, especially common in older patients, manifested by new confusion and impaired attention.

A

delirium

96
Q

impairment of effective social and communication skills

A

autism

97
Q

s/s of major depressive disorder

A

symptoms for more than 2 weeks: feeling or worthlessness, depressed mood, loss of interest, weight change, sleep pattern change

98
Q

Major depressive disorder is associated with low levels of

A

serotonin

99
Q

Major depressive disorder in children is characterized as

A

irritability

100
Q

dosage for escitalopram (Lexapro)

A

5-20 mg

101
Q

dosage for citalopram (Celexa)

A

10-60 mg

102
Q

dosage for sertraline (Zoloft)

A

50-200 mg

103
Q

dosage for paroxetine (Paxil)

A

20-60 mg

104
Q

dosage for fluoxetine (Prozac)

A

10-80 mg

105
Q

SSRI that can be used for also for premenstrual dysphoric disorder

A

fluoxetine (Prozac)

106
Q

dosage for duloxetine (Cymbalta)

A

20-60 mg

107
Q

dosage for venlaxafine (Effexor)

A

75-375 mg

108
Q

dosage for bupropion (Wellbutrin)

A

200-450 mg

109
Q

defined by one or more manic or mixed episodes during a patient’s lifetime

A

Bipolar I

110
Q

at least one major depressive episode are met in addition to at least one hypomanic episode.

A

Bipolar II

111
Q

lab to do before starting on TCA

A

EKG

112
Q

At least of these symptoms are needed to diagnose with depression

A 
SIG E CAPS:
Sleep issues
Interests
Guilt or worthlessness
Energy
Concentration difficulties
Appetite
Psychomotor agitation or irritation
Suicidality
113
Q

Anticipatory guidance about SSRI therapy in young to middle age adult

A

takes 2-4 weeks to see improvement and 6-12 weeks to have relief of symptoms

114
Q

Anticipatory guidance about SSRI therapy in older adult

A

takes 4-8 weeks to see improvement and 12-16 weeks to have relief of symptoms

115
Q

SSRIs can increase risk of

A

bleeding, especially if on ASA or blood thinners

116
Q

TCA side effects in elderly

A

confusion, hallucinations

117
Q

benzos with highest rate of addiction

A

those with shortest half life: xanax and ativan

118
Q

GABA and serotonin affect

A

wellbeing, calmness

119
Q

norepinephrine and dopamine affect

A

productivity, ambition, concentration

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