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N-Eval > PRELIMS: Sensory Assessment (and conditions) > Flashcards

PRELIMS: Sensory Assessment (and conditions) Flashcards

1
Q

How to test for Sharp/Dull Discrimination

A

Instrument: Safety pin or paper clip.
Technique: Randomly apply sharp or dull stimuli.
Response: Patient identifies stimulus as sharp or dull.

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2
Q

How to test for Temperature Awareness

A

Instrument: Test tubes with cold (41°F-50°F) and warm (104°F-113°F) water.
Technique: Apply cold or warm stimuli.
Response: Patient identifies stimulus as hot or cold.

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3
Q

How to test for Touch Awareness

A

Instrument: Camel-hair brush, cotton swab, monofilaments.
Technique: Lightly touch or stroke the skin.
Response: Patient indicates when stimulus is felt.

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4
Q

Autotopagnosia

A

Inability to locate, identify, and orient one’s body parts.

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4
Q

How to test for Tactile Localization

A

Technique: Apply touch stimulus to the skin.
Response: Patient identifies the location of the touch.

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4
Q

How to test for Proprioceptive Awareness

A

Instrument: Therapist moves extremity or joint and holds it in a static position.
Technique: Avoid excessive tactile stimulation.
Response: Patient describes the position or matches it with the contralateral extremity.

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4
Q

How to test for Double Simultaneous Stimulation

A

Technique: Simultaneously touch identical locations on opposite sides or different points on the same side.
Response: Patient indicates when and how many stimuli are felt.

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4
Q

How to test for Kinesthesia Awareness

A

Instrument: Therapist moves extremity or joint through a range of motion.
Technique: Reduce tactile stimulation.
Response: Patient describes direction and range of movement.

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4
Q

How to test for Graphesthesia

A

nstrument: Tool for tracing letters/numbers.
Technique: Trace figures on the skin.
Response: Patient identifies the traced figures verbally or by selecting from images.

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5
Q

How to test for Pressure Perception

A

Instrument: Fingertip or double-tipped cotton swab.
Technique: Apply firm pressure on the skin.
Response: Patient indicates when pressure is felt.

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5
Q

Allodynia VS Anaglesia

for what sensation?

A

Allodynia : Pain produced by a non-noxious stimulus

Analgesia : Complete loss of pain sensitivity.

for Pain

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5
Q

Agnosia

A

Inability to understand the meaning of sensory stimuli despite intact sensory pathways.

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5
Q

How to test for Vibration Perception

A

Instrument: Tuning fork (128 Hz).
Technique: Place vibrating fork on bony prominence.
Response: Patient indicates if stimulus is vibrating or non-vibrating.

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6
Q

How to test for Barognosis

A

Instrument: Discrimination weights of graduated weight.
Technique: Place weights in the hand one at a time or simultaneously.
Response: Patient identifies the comparative weight of objects.

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6
Q

Hypaglesia VS Hyperaglesia
for what sensation?

A

Hypalgesia : Decreased sensitivity to pain.

Hyperalgesia: Increased sensitivity to pain.

PAIN

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6
Q

How to test for Stereognosis Perception

A

Instrument: Various objects (keys, coins).
Technique: Place object in patient’s hand.
Response: Patient names the object or selects it from images.

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7
Q

Prosopagnosia

A

Inability to recognize faces.

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7
Q

How to test for Two-Point Discrimination

A

Technique: Measure the smallest distance between two stimuli that can still be perceived as two distinct points.
Response: Patient identifies if one or two stimuli are felt.
Grading: <6 mm (good), 6-15 mm (fair), 11-15 mm (poor).

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8
Q

Agraphognosia

A

Inability to recognize letters traced on the skin.

8
Q

How to test for Recognition of Texture

A

Instrument: Textures like cotton, wool, burlap, silk.
Technique: Place textures in patient’s hand.
Response: Patient identifies the texture by name or description.

8
Q

Failure to attend to the left side of space, often due to right parietal lesions.

A

Left-Side Hemispatial Inattention

9
Q

Failure to perceive simultaneous stimuli on opposite sides of the body, usually after right parietal lesions.

A

Inattention to Double Simultaneous Cutaneous Stimuli

9
Q

Graphesthesia

A

Inability to recognize figures traced on the skin.

9
Q

Inability to perform a voluntary act despite intact motor, sensory systems, and mental status.

A

Apraxia

9
Q

Lack of awareness of a neurological deficit, often seen with right parietal lesions.

A

Anosognosia

9
Q

Agnosia

A

Inability to identify objects by touch despite intact sensation.

9
Q

Gait Apraxia (Bruns Ataxia)

A

Difficulty with initiating or executing walking.

10
Q

Bucco-facial Apraxia

A

Difficulty with facial movements (e.g., sticking out tongue).

10
Q

Ideomotor Apraxia

A

Difficulty performing motor actions on command but can do them automatically.

10
Q

Dressing Apraxia

A

Difficulty with dressing appropriately, often linked to right parietal lesions.

10
Q

Constructional Apraxia

A

Difficulty with copying or constructing geometric figures.

10
Q

Topagnosia

A

Inability to localize skin stimuli.

11
Q

Which nerve fibers are primarily responsible for transmitting sharp, acute pain?

A

A-delta fibers

12
Q

Explain the significance of testing the patient’s ability to recognize texture during a sensory examination.

A

it evaluates the combined cortical sensations which require intact exteroceptive and proprioceptive receptors.

12
Q

Differentiate between the functions of the anterolateral spinothalamic pathway and the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway.

A

The anterolateral spinothalamic pathway transmits pain and temperature, while the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway transmits discriminative touch and proprioception.

13
Q

Describe the significance of the labeled line principle in sensory perception.

A

It indicates that each type of sensory nerve fiber is sensitive lo a single modality of sensation.

14
Q

A patient is asked to identify an object placed in their hand without looking at it. This test evaluates which type of sensation?

A

Stereognosis

15
Q

During a sensory examination, a patient is unable to feel light touch on the tips of their fingers but can feel it on their palms. Which spinal tract is likely compromised?

A

Dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract

16
Q

A term that describes the sensation of pain originating from a stimulus that would not normally provoke pain.

A

Allodynia

17
Q

Which spinal pathway is primarily involved in transmitling pain and temperature sensations?

A

Anterolateral spinothalamic pathway

18
Q

Which sensory receptor is responsible for detecting deep pressure and vibration?

A

Pacinian corpuscles

19
Q

A patient complains of numbness in a specific dermatome following a spinal injury. Which examination technique would be most appropriate?

A

Sensory testing of each dermatome

20
Q
A
21
Q
A
22
Q
A

N-Eval (20 decks)

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