Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

N-Eval > FINALS: Burn Evaluation > Flashcards

FINALS: Burn Evaluation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of the skin?

A

The skin acts as a protective barrier, regulates temperature, and provides sensory information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

injuries caused by various external factors that damage skin and deeper tissues, depending on severity. They range from mild (superficial) to severe (full-thickness) injuries requiring extensive care.

A

Burns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Contains connective tissue, blood vessels, nerve endings, and glands, critical for healing and sensation.

A

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The outermost layer, which provides a barrier against environmental damage and regulates water loss.

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cause: Tissue contact with strong acids, alkalis, or organic compounds; ingestion, inhalation, or injection of these substances.
Sources: Household cleaners, industrial chemicals.

A

Chemical Burns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Acts as insulation and padding, storing fat and anchoring skin to underlying tissues.

A

Subcutaneous Layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Characteristics: Cells are irreversibly damaged; full-thickness burn.
Treatment: Typically requires skin grafting.

A

Zone of Coagulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cause: Exposure to flames, hot liquids, steam, hot objects.
Examples: Scald burns, flame burns.

A

Thermal Burns:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the Zone of Coagulation in burn injuries?

A

The area where cells are irreversibly damaged and skin death occurs, requiring skin grafting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cause: Generated by electrical energy passing through the body, causing internal and external damage.
Sources: Faulty wiring, high-voltage power lines, lightning.

A

Electrical Burns:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the purpose of the Rule of Nines in burn assessment?

A

To estimate the total body surface area (TBSA) affected by burns.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cause: Exposure to radioactive sources or ionizing radiation.
Examples: Associated with industrial and therapeutic radiation.

A

Radiation Burns:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Characteristics: Contains injured but viable cells that may die within 24–48 hours if not properly treated.
Risks: Infection, inadequate perfusion, or drying can turn this zone necrotic, expanding the Zone of Coagulation.

A

Zone of Stasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the four main categories of burns?

A

Thermal, Chemical, Electrical, Radiation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Characteristics: Minimal cell damage, with tissue expected to recover fully within days.
Prognosis: No lasting effects with proper care.

A

Zone of Hyperemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a thermal burn?

A

A burn caused by exposure to flames, hot liquids, steam, or hot objects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe a chemical burn.

A

A burn resulting from tissue contact with strong acids, alkalis, or organic compounds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define radiation burns.

A

Burns caused by exposure to radioactive sources or ionizing radiation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What causes electrical burns?

A

Heat generated by electrical energy passing through the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the Zone of Hyperemia.

A

A site of minimal cell damage where tissue typically recovers within several days without lasting effects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What pulmonary complications can arise from burn injuries?

A

Inhalation injury, pneumonia, carbon monoxide poisoning, and upper airway obstruction are primary pulmonary complications.

8
Q

What is the Zone of Stasis?

A

An area containing injured cells that may die without treatment, potentially leading to necrosis.

8
Q

Why is timely assessment important in burn injuries?

A

To determine the extent of the injury, guide treatment decisions, and minimize complications.

8
Q

How is the body divided in the Rule of Nines?

A

q Head and neck: 9%, Each arm: 9%, Each leg: 18%, Anterior trunk: 18%, Posterior trunk: 18%, Perineum: 1%.

8
Q

What condition results from microbial invasion of a burn wound?

A

Sepsis results from microbial invasion from the burn wound.

8
Q

What are common complications associated with burns?

A

Infection, scarring, contractures, and complications affecting respiratory and circulatory systems.

8
Q

How does thermal injury affect metabolism?

A

It causes increased metabolic and catabolic activity, leading to weight loss, negative nitrogen balance, and decreased energy stores.

9
Q

What percentage of patients with facial burns experience smoke inhalation?

A

The incidence of smoke inhalation rises to 66% in patients with facial burns.

9
Q

What is the leading cause of mortality from burn injuries?

A

Infection is the leading cause, particularly from virulent strains like Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.

9
Q

List some signs of inhalation injury.

A

Facial burns, singed nasal hairs, harsh cough, hoarseness, abnormal breath sounds, respiratory distress, carbonaceous sputum, and hypoxemia.

10
Q

What is heterotopic ossification (HO) in the context of burns?

A

HO is bone formation in non-osseous tissue occurring after trauma, particularly in patients with burns greater than 25% of TBSA.

10
Q

What cardiovascular complications can result from burn injuries?

A

Hemodynamic changes due to fluid shift to the interstitium, leading to reduced plasma and intravascular fluid volume and edema.

11
Q

What symptoms are associated with heterotopic ossification?

A

Decreased range of motion (ROM), point-specific pain, and pain that differs from generalized pain.

12
Q

What types of neuropathy can occur in burn patients?

A

Peripheral neuropathy can be polyneuropathy or local neuropathy, often related to treatment factors.

13
Q

What causes local neuropathy in burn patients?

A

Local neuropathy can be caused by compression bandages applied too tightly, poorly fitted splints, or prolonged and inappropriate positioning.

14
Q

What pathological scars can develop from burn injuries?

A

Hypertrophic scars (raised and thick scars) and scar contractures can develop as a result of burn injuries.

15
Q
A
15
Q
A
15
Q
A
15
Q
A
16
Q

A burn patient shows signs of fever and red, inflamed skin around the wound. What complication is likely?

A

Infection, possibly from Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus, leading to sepsis.

17
Q

A patient burned in a closed space has facial burns and difficulty breathing. What should be suspected?

A

Inhalation injury, with potential complications like pneumonia and carbon monoxide poisoning.

18
Q

A patient with burns shows rapid weight loss and increased heart rate. What metabolic change is occurring?

A

Increased metabolic rate due to thermal injury, leading to negative nitrogen balance.

19
Q

A burn patient develops swelling and low blood pressure. What cardiovascular issue might arise?

A

Hemodynamic changes due to fluid shift to the interstitium, causing edema and reduced intravascular volume.

20
Q

After extensive burns, a patient experiences decreased joint movement and localized pain. What complication is present?

A

Heterotopic ossification (HO), often affecting joints after significant burn trauma.

21
Q

A patient has burns on the anterior chest and both arms. What is the TBSA using the Rule of Nines?

A

Anterior chest (18%) + both arms (9% each = 18%) = 36% TBSA.

22
Q

A patient with burns to the head, neck, and one leg. Calculate TBSA

A

Head and neck (9%) + one leg (18%) = 27% TBSA.

23
Q

A 5-year-old has burns on their left arm (9%) and front of their torso (9%). What’s their TBSA?

A

Total TBSA = 9% (arm) + 9% (torso) = 18% TBSA.

24
Q

A 3-year-old sustains burns on the entire head (18%) and front torso (9%). What is their TBSA?

A

Total TBSA = 18% (head) + 9% (torso) = 27% TBSA.

25
Q

: A teenager has a 20% TBSA burn. Using Lund and Browder, which area needs reassessment?

A

The distribution and proportion of burns, especially in adolescents compared to adults.

N-Eval (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions