PRELIMS: Reviewer Flashcards

1
Q

These are spinal networks capable of generating bilateral rhythmic movements, such as swimming or walking, in the absence of descending and sensory inputs

A

Central Pattern Generators (CPG)

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2
Q

PLASTIC RESPONSE INCREASING THE SENSITIVITY TO PROPRIOCEPTIVE STIMULUS

A

Up Regulation

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3
Q

PLASTIC RESPONSE THAT INCREASES SENSITIVITY TO NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND HORMONES

A

Up Regulation

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4
Q

This neuronal plasticity is described as: reactivation of latent neuronal connections in response to partial deafferentation of a target cell population

A

Unmasking

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5
Q

This none associative learning is described as there is a reduction in the amplitude of synaptic potential

A
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6
Q

This neuronal plasticity is described as: reinnervation of a vacated synapse by an intact collateral branch of the injured axon; seen to occur in CNS, but takes months to occur

A

Pruning

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6
Q

PLASTIC RESPONSE SEEN IN CHRONIC EPILEPTIC PATIENTS

A

SYNAPTIC REORGANIZATION

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7
Q

a process whereby neurons extend from their place of birth to connect to far reaching areas of the brain.

A

neural migration

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7
Q

natural death of a neuron

A

APOPTOSIS

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8
Q

Neuroplasticity is the brain’s ability to
A. Only adapt during childhood
B. Change and rewire itself
C. Stay rigid and unchanging

A

B. Change and rewire itself

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8
Q

This subcomponent of the ITE model is stated as: “goal directed movements

A

ACTION

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8
Q

This is the process that occurs in the CNS that increases the control of the cerebral hemispheres

A

CORTICAL REORGANIZATION

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9
Q

The brain’s ability to adapt to injury or damage by redistributing functions to undamaged areas is known as:

A

C. Functional reorganization

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9
Q

“coordination of movement is the process of mastering the redundant degrees of freedom of the moving organism”

A

BERNSTEINS

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9
Q

simpler reflexes combine to make up the behavior of an individual

A

REFLEX THOERY

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10
Q

Normal motor development is the result of increasing corticalization or emergence of higher level reflexes to control over the lower level reflexes

A

HIERARCHICAL THEORY

11
Q

no need for higher center to issue instruction or give command because coordinated movement will be achieved no matter what

A

SYNAMIC SYSTEMS THEORY

12
Q

Higher level stores the rules for generating movements so that we can perform the tasks with a variety of effector systems

A

: GENERALIZED MOTOR PROGRAM THEORY

13
Q

This subcomponent of the ITE model is stated as: Mental functions underlying the establishment of a goal

A

COGNITIVE FACTORS

13
Q

What is the primary mechanism by which long-term potentiation (LTP) enhances synaptic strength
A. Decrease in neurotransmitter release
B. Increase in receptor density at the synapse
C. Increase in synaptic vesicle size

A

B. Increase in receptor density at the synapse

14
Q

reinnervation of a vacated synapse by an intact collateral branch of the injured axon; seen to occur in CNS, but takes months to occur

A

: pruningg

15
Q

reactivation of latent neuronal connections in response to partial deafferentation of a target cell population; PET (Positron emission tomography) reveals high metabolic activity in the visual cortex of blind persons

A

UNMASKING

16
Q

the response of a remote uninjured neuron, that reinnervates a foreign denervated target

A

neuronal ingrowth

17
Q

the response by the proximal portion of an injured axon to reinnervate its original synapse; done by PNS, not seen in CNS though

A

Axonal Regeneraltion

18
Q

after partial denervation, surviving afferent neurons enlarge their terminal fields by axonal sprouting to reinnervate the vacated target synapse; seen to occur in CNS

A

: COLLATERAL SPROUTING

19
Q

Task classification that gives complete control to the mover

A

continuous taskk

19
Q

Which type of plasticity is characterized by the brain’s ability to adapt to injury by reorganizing its structure and function?
A. Experience-dependent plasticity
B. Experience-independent plasticity
C. Experience-expectant plasticity

A

A. Experience-dependent plasticity

19
Q

Which term describes the strengthening of existing neural connections through repeated use or learning?
A. Neuronal stagnation
B. Synaptic pruning
C. Long-term potentiation

A

C. Long-term potentiation

20
Q

The term “Hebbian learning” is often associated with:
A. The brain’s inability to change
B. The strengthening of neural connections through repeated stimulation
C. The weakening of neural connections through disuse

A

B. The strengthening of neural connections through repeated stimulation

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