PRELIMS: CVA

Question 1

A clinical syndrome with rapidly developing focal or global loss of cerebral function lasting more than 24 hours, caused by vascular issues

Answer 1

stroke

Question 2

What are the main types of ischemic stroke?

Answer 2

Thrombosis, Embolic, Hyperfusion.

Question 2

What are the common causes of hemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 2

Intracerebral hemorrhage due to hypertension, trauma, bleeding disorders, and subarachnoid hemorrhage due to aneurysms or AVMs.

Question 2

An area of viable but metabolically lethargic cells surrounding the core infarction.

Answer 2

Ischemic Penumbra

Question 2

What is an embolic stroke?

Answer 2

Arterial obstruction from debris originating from another source, such as cardiac or aortic sources.

Question 2

What is thrombosis in the context of ischemic stroke?

Answer 2

In situ arterial obstruction due to arteriosclerosis, dissection, or superimposed thrombosis.

Question 2

What symptoms are associated with a left hemisphere stroke (right hemiplegia)?

Answer 2

Aphasia, visuomotor perceptual impairment, impulsive behavior, and impaired learning.

Question 3

What symptoms are associated with a right hemisphere stroke (left hemiplegia)?

Answer 3

Loss of visual memory, inability to communicate effectively, safety problems, and impaired learning.

Question 3

What is dysarthria?

Answer 3

A motor speech disorder resulting in difficulty with speech articulation.

Question 3

What is prosopagnosia?

Answer 3

Difficulty recognizing faces.

Question 3

What is apperceptive agnosia?

Answer 3

Difficulty recognizing objects due to problems with perception.

Question 3

What is anosognosia?

Answer 3

Lack of awareness of one’s own deficits or disability.

Question 4

Patient presents with sudden headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, inability to stand, and gait ataxia.

Answer 4

Cerebellar Hemorrhage

Question 4

Patient presents with Wernicke’s aphasia, variable visual field deficit, headache around or anterior to the ipsilateral ear, and agitated delirium.

Answer 4

Temporal Lobe Stroke

Question 4

Patient presents with contralateral hemiparesis, loss of conjugate gaze to the opposite side, and ideational apraxia.

Answer 4

MCA Stroke

Question 4

Patient presents with visual agnosia, prosopagnosia, dyslexia without agraphia, and memory defects.

Answer 4

PCA Stroke

Question 4

Patient presents with sudden onset of coma, quadriparesis, respiratory abnormalities, pinpoint reactive pupils, and fixed eye position.

Answer 4

Pontine Hemorrhage

Question 4

Patient presents with loss of visual memory, inability to communicate effectively, impulsive behavior, and impaired learning.

Answer 4

Right Hemisphere Stroke

Question 4

Patient presents with hemiparesis, aphasia, homonymous hemianopia, and contralateral gaze palsy.

Answer 4

Putaminal Hemorrhage

Question 4

Patient presents with contralateral hemisensory loss, neglect of the visual field, headache (anterior temporal location), and mild hemiparesis.

Answer 4

Parietal Lobe Stroke

Question 4

Patient presents with pure motor hemiparesis, pure sensory stroke, ataxic hemiparesis, and dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome.

Answer 4

Lacunar Stroke

Question 4

Patient presents with aphasia, visuomotor perceptual impairment, safety problems, and impaired learning.

Answer 4

Left Hemisphere Stroke

Question 4

Patient presents with difficulty with simple movements or tasks on command and problems with performing motor tasks.

Answer 4

Ideomotor Apraxia

Question 4

Patient presents with difficulty with speech production but intact comprehension.

Answer 4

Broca’s Aphasia

Question 4

Patient presents with hemiparesis or hemiplegia, transient global aphasia, and agnosia or unilateral neglect.

Answer 4

Thalamic Hemorrhage

Question 4

Patient presents with contralateral hemiparesis, contralateral homonymous hemianopia, and loss of vertical gaze.

Answer 4

ACA Stroke

Question 4

Patient presents with difficulty finding words, but has intact comprehension and repetition.

Answer 4

Anomic Aphasia

Question 4

Patient presents with fluent but nonsensical speech, with poor comprehension.

Answer 4

Wernicke’s Aphasia