(PRELIM) Vision Flashcards by MA. CRISANDRA JOYCE HERRERA

Receptors that are scattered throughout the body

General Senses

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detects low touch and low-intensity touch and velocity touch, low and light touch against the skin

Merkel’s disk

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most common patient complains

pain

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localized or generalized unpleasant bodily sensation or complex of sensation that causes mild to severe physical discomfort and emotional distress

pain

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bodily disorder

pain

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does not follow the normal anatomic pathways of pain

referred pain

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called the airborne molecules

Odorants

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T or F

there are thousands of olfactory receptor in a form of neurons equipped with olfactory hairs from nasal epithelium with mucus secreted by underlying glands

TRUE

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it is where olfactory receptors are found

cilia

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olfactory pathway are tightly closed by the limbic system

TRUE

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the part of the brain involved in our behavioral and emotional responses

Limbic system

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T or F

olfactory are long lasting

TRUE

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True of False

our actions to odor are rarely neutral

we tend to like or hate it certain odor

TRUE

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olfactory are sensitive

TRUE

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loss of olfactory smell

cause by head injuries, nasal cavity inflamation, colds, allergy and when we smoke, aging and brain disorders

eto yung sakit ng mama ni Doo Kyung Soo sa GANGNAM BEAUTYY

Anosmia

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latin word: taxare which means to touch, to estimate, to judge

TASTE

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we have ___ taste cells

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when we taste we are also judging

TRUE

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each taste cell contains hair like processes, called____

Taste hairs

extend throughout tiny opening in the surrounding

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specific cells that responses with the chemicals dissolved in the saliva

Gustatory cells

-long microvilli called gustatory hairs that depolarizes impulses transmitted to the brain by cranial nerves 7,9,10

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taste has homeostatic level as well

TRUE

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Most pleasurable of all our senses

Taste

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draws the eyeball outward

Lateral recturs

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white of the eye

sclera

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roles the eyeball downward and medialy

Inferior rectus

draws upward and laterally

Inferior oblique

draws the eyeball to nasal

Medial rectus

intrinsic muscle of the eye attaches to sclera

muscle of upper and inferior re

center part of sclera is___

cornea

superior rectus

roles the eyeball upward and medialy

draw eyeball downward and laterally

Superior oblique

most exposed part of the eye which makes it more vulnerable to damage

cornea

the ____ is the only tissue in the body that can be transplanted from 1 person to another without worrying about the rejection

cornea

loss of macular function aging

macular degeneration

transparent window permits light to enter

cornea

firm white connective tissue of eye

Sclera | -yung puti ng mata

modification of choroid

Ciliary body

the color or the pigment of the eye

Iris

has no blood vessels not influence by immune system because it has the ability to repair itself

cornea

regulates the diameter of pupil

iris

hollow sphere | contains 3 tunic

Eyeball

3 tunic

Fibrous Tunic Vascular tunic Retina (nervous tunic)

T or F light passes through the pupil and iris regulate the diameter of pupil

True

T or F lense divides the eyeball in anterior and posterior eyeball

False- Iris

contains water

aqueous humor

T or F aqueous humos is the anterior part vitreous humor posterior part

TRUE

controlling the light that passes through the eyes

Pupil

contains gel like substance presents the eye from collapsing inward

Vitreous humor

nerve degeneration sometimes combine with cataracts, retinal detachtment mainly caused by blood vessel degeneration and hemorage

diabetic retinopathy

Most important part of retina for sharp and central vision

Macular

AKA Blind Spot

Optic disk

contains only cones greatest vison sharpest vision

Fovea centralis

T or F photoreceptors are distributed over the entire retina except where the optic nerves leave the eyeball

absense of all cones

color blindness

absense of 1 or more cone type

partial color blindness

both maintain intraocular pressure and provides nutrients of the lens and cornea because cornea has no bv

aqueous and vitreous humor

test of color blindness

Ichihara Test

infection of eyelash follicle

stye

type of conjunctivitis inflammation of conjuctiva caused by sexualy transmitted disease leads to infectious blindness

Trachoma

infection that causes scarring on the upper eyelid which begins to turn inwards causing the eyelid to rub on the surface

trachoma

transmitted by direct contact with discharge of patients infected eye or through clothes or items that has been used to wipe secreations or through flies

Trachoma can be cure if early stages but many have lead through blindness treat with surgery, face washing, environmental modifications

"crossed eyes" inbetweeness of eye muscles

strabismus

eyes is medially deviated what type of strabismus is this?

Esotropia

opaqueness of the eye and of the lens that leads to decrease vision

cataract

eyeball is elongated nearsightedness

myopia

T or F newborns are hyperopia

TRUE

deviated focusing on temporal aspect of the head what type of strabismus?

Exotropia

it is cause when the cornea is too flat or lens has too little refractive power than to the lenght of the eye

Hyperopia ability to see distant but not close objects

T or F cataracts developed slowly and can affect both of the eyes

TRUE

light is scattered or blocking, cloudy lens causing "foggy vision"

Cataract faded vision, blury, we see halo, trouble seeing bright lights and seeing at night

eyeball is drawn upward what type of strabismus ?

hypertropia

the cornea and or lens are not clinically curved image is not saw clearly blury images occur because points of light are focused not as point but as lines

astigmatic eye for drivers license

eyeball is drawn downward

hypotropia

produces tears lubricate the eyes not present after 2 weeks after birth

lacrimal glands

drains the tears flushes towards eyeball towards lacrimal canal down to lacrimal sac and to the nasolacrimal duct

lacrimal ducts

intrinsic muscle of the eye attaches

sclera

contractile structure consisting of smooth muscles surrounding pupil

iris

divides the eyes into anterior and posterior chamber

iris

posterior chamber of the eye

vitreous chamber | liquid like

anterior chamber of the eye

aqueous chamber water like

edge of the eyelids modified sebaceous glands produce oral secretions to lubricate the eye

Tarsal Glands

in between eyelashes modified sweat glands

Cilliary gland

contains lysozomes protects eye surface lubricates and moisturizes the eyes

tears

reducess stress

emotional tears