(PRELIM) Vision Flashcards
Receptors that are scattered throughout the body
General Senses
detects low touch and low-intensity touch and velocity touch, low and light touch against the skin
Merkel’s disk
most common patient complains
pain
localized or generalized unpleasant bodily sensation or complex of sensation that causes mild to severe physical discomfort and emotional distress
pain
bodily disorder
pain
does not follow the normal anatomic pathways of pain
referred pain
called the airborne molecules
Odorants
T or F
there are thousands of olfactory receptor in a form of neurons equipped with olfactory hairs from nasal epithelium with mucus secreted by underlying glands
TRUE
it is where olfactory receptors are found
cilia
olfactory pathway are tightly closed by the limbic system
TRUE
the part of the brain involved in our behavioral and emotional responses
Limbic system
T or F
olfactory are long lasting
TRUE
True of False
our actions to odor are rarely neutral
we tend to like or hate it certain odor
TRUE
olfactory are sensitive
TRUE
loss of olfactory smell
cause by head injuries, nasal cavity inflamation, colds, allergy and when we smoke, aging and brain disorders
eto yung sakit ng mama ni Doo Kyung Soo sa GANGNAM BEAUTYY
Anosmia
latin word: taxare which means to touch, to estimate, to judge
TASTE
we have ___ taste cells
40
when we taste we are also judging
TRUE
each taste cell contains hair like processes, called____
Taste hairs
- extend throughout tiny opening in the surrounding
specific cells that responses with the chemicals dissolved in the saliva
Gustatory cells
-long microvilli called gustatory hairs that depolarizes impulses transmitted to the brain by cranial nerves 7,9,10
taste has homeostatic level as well
TRUE
Most pleasurable of all our senses
Taste
draws the eyeball outward
Lateral recturs
white of the eye
sclera
roles the eyeball downward and medialy
Inferior rectus
draws upward and laterally
Inferior oblique
draws the eyeball to nasal
Medial rectus
intrinsic muscle of the eye attaches to sclera
muscle of upper and inferior re
center part of sclera is___
cornea
superior rectus
roles the eyeball upward and medialy
draw eyeball downward and laterally
Superior oblique
most exposed part of the eye
which makes it more vulnerable to damage
cornea
the ____ is the only tissue in the body that can be transplanted from 1 person to another without worrying about the rejection
cornea
loss of macular function
aging
macular degeneration
transparent window permits light to enter
cornea
firm white connective tissue of eye
Sclera
-yung puti ng mata
modification of choroid
Ciliary body
the color or the pigment of the eye
Iris
has no blood vessels
not influence by immune system because it has the ability to repair itself
cornea
regulates the diameter of pupil
iris
hollow sphere
contains 3 tunic
Eyeball
3 tunic
Fibrous Tunic
Vascular tunic
Retina (nervous tunic)
T or F
light passes through the pupil and iris regulate the diameter of pupil
True
T or F
lense divides the eyeball in anterior and posterior eyeball
False- Iris
contains water
aqueous humor
T or F
aqueous humos is the anterior part
vitreous humor posterior part
TRUE
controlling the light that passes through the eyes
Pupil
contains gel like substance
presents the eye from collapsing inward
Vitreous humor
nerve degeneration
sometimes combine with cataracts, retinal detachtment
mainly caused by blood vessel degeneration and hemorage
diabetic retinopathy
Most important part of retina
for sharp and central vision
Macular
AKA Blind Spot
Optic disk
contains only cones
greatest vison sharpest vision
Fovea centralis
T or F
photoreceptors are distributed over the entire retina except where the optic nerves leave the eyeball
T
absense of all cones
color blindness
absense of 1 or more cone type
partial color blindness
both maintain intraocular pressure and provides nutrients of the lens and cornea because cornea has no bv
aqueous and vitreous humor
test of color blindness
Ichihara Test
infection of eyelash follicle
stye
type of conjunctivitis inflammation of conjuctiva caused by sexualy transmitted disease
leads to infectious blindness
Trachoma
infection that causes scarring on the upper eyelid which begins to turn inwards causing the eyelid to rub on the surface
trachoma
transmitted by direct contact with discharge of patients infected eye or through clothes or items that has been used to wipe secreations or through flies
Trachoma
can be cure if early stages
but many have lead through blindness
treat with surgery, face washing, environmental modifications
“crossed eyes”
inbetweeness of eye muscles
strabismus
eyes is medially deviated
what type of strabismus is this?
Esotropia
opaqueness of the eye and of the lens that leads to decrease vision
cataract
eyeball is elongated
nearsightedness
myopia
T or F
newborns are hyperopia
TRUE
deviated focusing on temporal aspect of the head
what type of strabismus?
Exotropia
it is cause when the cornea is too flat or lens has too little refractive power than to the lenght of the eye
Hyperopia
ability to see distant but not close objects
T or F cataracts developed slowly and can affect both of the eyes
TRUE
light is scattered or blocking, cloudy lens causing “foggy vision”
Cataract
faded vision, blury, we see halo, trouble seeing bright lights and seeing at night
eyeball is drawn upward
what type of strabismus ?
hypertropia
the cornea and or lens are not clinically curved
image is not saw clearly
blury images occur because points of light are focused not as point but as lines
astigmatic eye
for drivers license
eyeball is drawn downward
hypotropia
produces tears lubricate the eyes
not present after 2 weeks after birth
lacrimal glands
drains the tears
flushes towards eyeball towards lacrimal canal down to lacrimal sac and to the nasolacrimal duct
lacrimal ducts
intrinsic muscle of the eye attaches
sclera
contractile structure consisting of smooth muscles surrounding pupil
iris
divides the eyes into anterior and posterior chamber
iris
posterior chamber of the eye
vitreous chamber
liquid like
anterior chamber of the eye
aqueous chamber
water like
edge of the eyelids
modified sebaceous glands
produce oral secretions to lubricate the eye
Tarsal Glands
in between eyelashes
modified sweat glands
Cilliary gland
contains lysozomes
protects eye surface
lubricates and moisturizes the eyes
tears
reducess stress
emotional tears
