Combined Special Senses & Endocrine Flashcards
T or F
there 1000+ olfactory receptor
true
T or F
100% of the sensory receptor is in the eye
False
70% lang
T or F
there are 40 taste cells
True
what is affected if we lost sense of smell and taste due to covid 19?
Retronasal Olfactory Function
1-2.5 inch in size
1/6 lang yung nakikita
surrounded by fats and orbital bone
eyes
light touch, temperature, tickle itch, movement and painful stimuli
Free Nerve Endings
2 point discriminative touch
Merkel’s Disk
deep pressure, vibrations
Pacinian
-in tendons, tissues, joint
discriminative touch, texture in fingertips, lip, toes
Meissner
where does crossing in the sight occurs?
1st- lens ( temporal in nasal and nasal to temporal crosses)
2nd- Optic Chiasm (Temporal lang)
involves external and middle ear
result from mechanical deficiencies
Conductive Deafness
involve the cochlea
results in deficiences in spiral organ or the nerves
Sensorineural Hearing Loss
T or F
Conductive Hearing Loss- Mas Malakas sa damage ear
Sensorineural Hearing Loss - Mas Mahina sa damage ear
False
Conductive- mahina sa damage ear
Sensori- malakas sa damage ear
Air conduction is better than bone conduction
Rinne’s Test
tunning fork is placed in the forehead of the patient
Weber’s Test
Conductive loss will cause the sound to be heard best in the abnormal ear. Sensorineural loss will cause the sound to be heard best in the normal ear.
part of the brain that is responsible for memory, intelligence
voluntary movement
and the LARGEST
Cerebrum
part of the brain that is responsible for posture, movement, balance
Cerebullum
T or F
Rod Cones
-colors -no colors
False
rod- no colors
cones- with colors
T or F
Photoreceptors are distributed all over the retina EXCEPT?
Optick Disk - AKA Blindspot
hydrogen ions?
Sour
Hydroxyl group?
Sweet
Amino Acid and Glutamade
Umami
Metal Ions?
Salty
Alkaloids?
Bitter
Parasympathethic Consensual Pathway?
Afferent - CN2 Optic
Efferent - CN3 Oculumotor
eyeball is too short and lightrays come to focus in front the retina
Myopia
what are the THICK Fibers
Ia (Aa)
Ib (Aa)
II (AB)
What are the THIN Fibers?
III (Ad)
IV ( C)
Slow pain, temperature, Crude touch?
C Fibers (IV)
Fast pain, Temperature
A delta Fibers (III)
Muscle Spindles (Annulospiral endings
A Alpha (Ia)
Golgi tendon Muscles
A Alpha (1b)
Pressure, Touch, Vibrations ( Flowers Spray Endings)
Alpha Beta (II)
T or F
A Delta and C Fibers will INHIBIT the substantial Gelatinosa
True
T or F
A beta Fiber will Facilitate the Substanital Gelatinosa
True
T or F
in accommodation reflex, the lens becomes more convex in shape
True
T or F
Vision is a prerequisite in accommodation reflex
False
Reffered Pain:
Right Interscapular means?
Left Shouldr means?
Hepatic/Billary Disease -right
Heart Attack -left
Reffered Pain
Right Shoulder Pain?
Gall Bladder
normal blood glucose?
60-140
hyperglycemic bg level?
141-200
diabetic bg level?
200+
common mechanism in endocrine?
Negative Feedback
secrete hormones that can stimulate other hormone
Tropic Hormone
hormone that raises the low BP?
Aldosterone
lowers the high BP?
Atrial Nauretic Hormone
receptor site allows only specific hormone binds to it
specificity
gland that are richest in Blood Supply?
Adrenal and Thyroid
protein in thyroid?
thyroglobin
Anti Inflammatory
Cortisol
AKA Vasopressin
Blood Vessels constrict
Water Reabsorption
Anti Diuretic Hormone
milk letdown
increases uterine contraction
Oxytocin
large amounts of dilute urine
Diabetes insipidus
melanin production
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone
milk production
Prolactin
decreases bone breakdown
Calcitonin
increases bone breakdown
Parathyroid Hormone
Water retention
NA in K out
Mineralcorticoids- aldosterone
anti inflammatory
Glucocorticoids AKA Cortisols
increases cardiac output
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
Alpha, Beta, Delta Cells?
Glucagon, Insulin, Somatostasin
release before meal
Glucagon
releases after meal
insulin
insulin destruction
ABSOLUTE INSULIN DEFICIENCY
Type 1 Diabetes Melletus
-insulin dependent
PARTIAL insulin deficiency
Type 2 Diabetes Melletus
-insulin independent
sperm cell production?
Testes or Testosterone
menstural cycle
uterine in mammary gland
genatilia structure
Ovary or Progesteron and Estrogen
immune system WBC and T Cells Phagocytes
Thymosin Hormone
decreases gonadotrophin-releasing hormones
INHIBITS REPRODUCTION
Pineal Gland-melatonin hormone