Hearing and Balance Flashcards
ears are divided into 3 areas
what are those?
external ear
middle ear
inner ear
AKA Ear drums
tympanic membrane
functions both in hearing an in balance
Inner ear
1 inch long
1/4 inch wide
lines with ceruminous glands that secretes ear wax
external auditory canal
contains auricle
aka pina
collects sound waves and connect to the external auditory canal and to tympanic membrane
external ear
conducts sound waves in toward inner ear
hearing only
External ear
AKA typmanic cavity
air filled chamber within temporal lobe
middle ear
2 window in middle ear
oval window -cephalo
round window- caudal
AKA Pharyngotympanic tube
usually closed and flattened, but swallowing or yawning can open it briefly to equalize the pressure in the middle ear cavity with the atmospheric pressure
auditory tube
T or F
if the pressure is not the same with atmospheric pressure
the eardrum does not function or vibrate freely
TRUE
characterized by a
- tugging of ears
- fever
- crying
- trouble of sleeping
- fluid draining from ear (luga)
- trouble hearing
otitis media
3 auditory ossicles of middle ear
they are attached side by side
vibrations travels from one end to another causing the base of the stapes to send vibrations to the oval window
Malleus-hammer
Incus- anvil
Stapes-stirrup
if the child has sore throat
the eardrums bulges and inflammed
otitis media
if a baby has this, it is not recommended to feed then in a supine because it favors the entry of food into tube
put them into incline position
the bony labyrinth is filled with plasma-like fluid called
perilymph
suspended in the perilymph is a________
membranous labyrinth
contain fluid chamber medial to the inner ear
maze of bony chambers called OSSEOUS
INNER EAR
3 components of inner ear
cochlea
vestibule
semicircular canal
AKA organ of corti
cochlea
labyrinth itself contains a thicker
endolymph
sound is a result of vibration
True
when referring to vibrations in the ear we call them?
sound waves
waves are produces in perilymph pass through vestibular membrane and causes the vibrations of endolymph
TRUW
head realtive to the gravity
up or down=keeps the head erect
functions happens in vestibule
receptors: maculae (have hair and microvilli emmbeded in the gelatonous mass called otolithic membrane
otholitic membrane have otoliths
static equilibrium
angular/rotatory
movements of the head
functions happens in:
semicircular canals
receptors
crista ampullaris
(have hair cells with micro villi)
embeded also in gelatenous mas scupula
so when the head moves in an arc like position the endo lymph canal lags behind and then the cupula drags agains stationary endolymph
this stimulates the hair cells then transmit impulses to the vestibular nerve just like static equilibrium then the axons in vestibular portion of vestibular nerve projects to vestibular nucles and unto the cerebral cortext
dynamic equilibrium
tiny skulls made up of calcium skulls that troll in response to gravity
so when otoliths move they pull the gell over the hair cells and densed the hair cells
it sends impulses to the vestibular nerve
otoliths
ear contains semi circular canals arranged perpendicular to each other
t
phanthom sound sensations, such as ringing in ear, common problem
tinnitus
serious phatology of the inner ear
consider as the most common disease that involves dizziness from inner ear
it also have progressive deafness
cause is unknown
degeneration of cranial nerve 8
and increase pressure of inner ear fluids
vertigo, discomfort , hearing loss, tinnitus, and feeling of fullness in the affected ear
meniere disease
as the person ages both the general and special senses are gradually declines
T
