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CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 1 > PRELIM LAB: LABORATORY SAFETY > Flashcards

PRELIM LAB: LABORATORY SAFETY Flashcards

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1
Q

Also known as Public Law 91-596

A

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)

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2
Q

Enacted by U.S. Congress in 1970

A

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)

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3
Q

Goal: provide work employees with a safe working environment

A

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)

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4
Q

Authorized to conduct on-site inspections to
determine whether an employer is xomplying
with the mandatory standards

A

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)

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5
Q

OSHA standards that regulate safety in the laboratory:

A

○ Bloodborne Pathogens Standard
○ Formaldehyde Standard
○ Laboratory Standard
○ Hazard Communication Standard
○ Respiratory Protection Standard
○ Air Contaminants Standard
○ Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Standard

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6
Q

29 CFR 1910. 1030

A

Bloodborne Pathogens

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7
Q

Requires employers to safeguard employees
who have a reasonably anticipated occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials

A

Bloodborne Pathogens

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8
Q

Mandates development of exposure control plan

A

Bloodborne Pathogens

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9
Q

Assume all human blood, tissue, and
most fluids are handled as if known to
be infectious for the HIV, HBV, and other
bloodborne pathogens

A

Universal precautions

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10
Q

29 CFR 1910. 1200

A

Hazard Communication

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11
Q

Subpart of OSHA’s Toxic and Hazardous Substances

A

Hazard Communication

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12
Q

Intended to ensure that the hazards of all
chemicals used in the workplace have been
evaluated

A

Hazard Communication

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13
Q

Hazard information is successfully
transmitted to employers and their
employees who use the substances

A

Safety Data Sheets

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14
Q

29 CFR 1910. 1450

A

Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in
Laboratories

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15
Q

Subpart of OSHA’s Toxic and Hazardous Substances

A

Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in
Laboratories

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16
Q

Intended to address the shortcomings of the
Hazard Communication Standard regarding its
application peculiar to the handling of
hazardous chemicals in laboratories

A

Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in
Laboratories

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17
Q

Other Regulations and Guidelines

A
  1. Clean Water Act
  2. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
  3. Toxic Substances Control Act
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17
Q

Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories Requirements of the standard:

A

○ Appointment of a chemical hygiene
officer
○ Development of a chemical hygiene
plan

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18
Q

Formerly known as National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards

A

The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)

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19
Q

Provided excellent general laboratory safety and infection control guidelines in their documents GP17-A3 (Clinical Laboratory Safety; Approved Guideline, 2e)

A

The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)

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20
Q

Formerly known as the Jount Commission on
Accreditation of Health Care Organizations

A

The Joint Commission (TJC)

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20
Q

Published the Accreditation Manual for
Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Services
○ Includes a detailed section on safety
requirements

A

The Joint Commission (TJC)

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21
Q

Publishes yearly accreditation manual for hospitals

A

The Joint Commission (TJC)

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22
Q

Required to also have spill kits and fire aid kits

A

Safety Equipment

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22
Q

Publishes an extensive inspection checklist
(Laboratory General Checklist) as part of their
Laboratory Accreditation Program
○ Includes section dedicated to laboratory
safety

A

College of American Pathologists (CAP)

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23
Q

All laboratories are required to have safety
showers, eyewash stations, fire blankets, and fire extinguishers

A

Safety Equipment

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24
Q

Required to contain and expel noxious and
hazardous fumes from chemical reagents

A

Fume Hoods

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25
Q

is recommended to locate no
flow or turbulent areas in working space

A

Smoke testing

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26
Q

Filters air that circulates

A

Biosafety Cabinets (BSCs)

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27
Q

Removes particles that may be harmful to the
employee who is working with potentially
infectious biologic specimens

A

Biosafety Cabinets (BSCs)

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28
Q

30% - recirculated
70% - exhausted
Exhaust cabinet air passes thru a dedicated duct to the outside thru a HEPA
filter

A

BSC Class II, B1

28
Q

In at front thru HEPA to
the outside or into the
room thru the HEPA

A

BSC Class I

28
Q

70% - recirculated to the
cabinet work area through HEPA
30% - exhausted

A

BSC Class II, A1

29
Q

No recirculation
Total exhaust to the
outside thru HEPA filter

A

BSC Class I, B2

29
Q

Similar to II, A1 but has 100 lfm (linear feet/minute) intake air velocity Plenums are under negative pressure to room

A

BSC Class II, A2

30
Q

● Includes cabinets
● For the storage and handling of hazardous
chemicals and compressed gases

A

Chemical Storage Equipment

31
Q

used to transport glass bottles of
acids, alkalis, or organic solvents in volumes
larger than 500 mL

A

Safety carriers

32
Q

used for storing,
dispensing, or disposing of flammables in
volumes greater than 1 quart

A

Approved safety cans

33
Q

required for the storage of flammable liquids

A

Steel safety cabinets w/ self-closing doors

34
Q

used to store flammable materials

A

Specially designed, explosion-proof refrigerators

34
Q

Additional Protection

A
  1. Aprons when handling splash-prone materials
  2. Respirators
    ● Should have high-efficiency particulate
    air (HEPA) filters
  3. Handwashing
34
Q

PPE and Hygiene

A
  1. Safety glasses, goggles, visors, or work shields
  2. Do not use contact lenses at work as eye
    protection
  3. Latex gloves&raquo_space;» but polyvinyl or other nonlatex gloves can be used as substitution
  4. Nitrile gloves offer wide range of compatibility with organic solvents than latex gloves
35
Q

Biologic Safety
General Considerations

A

● All blood samples and other body fluids should be collected, transported, handled, and
processed using universal precautions
(presume to be infectious)
● Always wear PPE

36
Q

Each employer must have a written exposure
control plan

A

Bloodborne Pathogens

37
Q

TB exposure control program must be
established

A

Airborne Pathogens

38
Q

CDC guidelines require the development of a
tuberculosis infection control program by any
facility involved in the diagnosis or treatment of cases of confirmed infectious TB

A

Airborne Pathogens

39
Q

Respiratory protection of N-95 (filtration of 95% of particles less than 0.3 um)

A

Airborne Pathogens

40
Q

Labeled as infectious substances if the
pathogen can be readily transmitted to humans or animals

A

Known or Suspect Infectious Specimens

41
Q

Tested as routine screening or for initial diagnosis

A

Diagnostic Specimens

42
Q

Published by OSHA as the new Hazard Communication srandard

A

Right to Know Law

43
Q

States that employees must be informed of the health risks associated with those chemicals in the workplace

A

Right to Know Law

44
Q

● Contains general information on reagent
● Replaced the existing Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
● Must provide the specific compound identity, together with all common names

A

Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

45
Q

Health Hazard

A

0 - Normal material
1 - Slightly hazardous
2 - Hazardous
3 - Extreme danger
4 - Deadly

46
Q

Fire Hazard

A

0 - will not burn
1 - above 200 F
2 - Will burn above 100 F,
not exceeding 200 F
3 - Will burn below 100 F
4 - Will burn below 73 F

47
Q

Specific Hazard

A

Alk - alkaline
Acid - acidic
Cor - corrosive
Oxy - oxidizing
W - water
P - polymerization

48
Q

Reactivity/Instability

A

0 - Stable
1 - Unstable if heated
2 - Violent chemical change
3 - Shock andheat may detonate
4 - May detonate

49
Q

● Among the ost hazardous materials
● Classified according to flash point - temperature at which sufficient vapor is given off to form an ignitable mixture with air

A

Flammable/Combustible Chemicals

50
Q

1.

substances that are
cancer-causing agents

A

Carcinogens

51
Q

Areas with radioactive materials should be
posted with caution signs and should have
limited personnel only

A

Environmental Protection

52
Q

Radiofrequency coil in inductively
coupled plasma-mass
spectrometer

A

Low frequency

53
Q

> 1 cm

A

Low frequency

54
Q

3 m - 3mm

A

Microwves

55
Q

Energy beam
microwave

A

Microwves

56
Q

750 nm - 0.3
cm

A

Infrared

57
Q

Heat lamps,
lasers

A

Infrared

58
Q

```

400 - 750 nm

A

Visible
spectrum

59
Q

General
illumination and
glar

A

Visible
spectrum

60
Q

4 - 400 nm

A

Ultraviolet

61
Q

Germicidal lamps

A

Ultraviolet

62
Q

Ordinary combustible solid materials,
such as paper, wood, plastic, and fiber

A

Class A

63
Q

Flammable liquids/gases and
combustible petroleum products

A

Class B

64
Q

Combustible/reactive metals, such as
Magnesium, Sodium, and Potassium

A

Class D

65
Q

Energized electrical equipment

A

Class C

66
Q

Class A Fires

Type of Extinguisher

A

Pressurized water
Dry chemicals

67
Q

Class B Fires

Type of Extinguisher

A

Dry chemical
Carbon dioxide

68
Q

Class C Fires

Type of Extinguisher

A

Carbon dioxide
Halon
Dry chemicals

69
Q

Class D Fires

Type of
Extinguisher

A

Metal X

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 1 (9 decks)

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