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Prelim | Drug Classification (Action) Flashcards

1
Q

Systems that put drugs into classification

A

Drug nomenclature

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2
Q

N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide

A

Chemical name

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3
Q

Chemical name identifies the — of the drug.

A

actual chemical structure

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4
Q

It is often complex and is seldom of practical importance to the technologist.

A

Chemical name

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5
Q

Ex: acetaminophen (paracetamol)

A

Generic name

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6
Q

Generic name aka

A

Non-proprietary name

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7
Q

Name given to the drug when it becomes commercially available.

A

Generic name

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8
Q

Simpler name derived from the more complex chemical name.

A

Generic name

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9
Q

Usually easier to pronounce than the chemical and it is never capitalized.

A

Generic name

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10
Q

Some drugs are best known by their

A

Generic name

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11
Q

Ex: Tylenol/ Panadol/ Biogesic

A

Brand name

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12
Q

Name given to a drug manufactured by a specific company.

A

Brand name

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13
Q

Drug name that is usually short and easy to remember.

A

Brand name

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14
Q

It may or may or may not reflect any characteristic of the chemical structure of the drug.

A

Brand name

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15
Q

Because of the same drug is manufactured by —, each company selects its own brand name or trademark for the drug.

A

more than one company

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16
Q

All terms used interchangeably to indicate a specific drug manufactured by several different companies.

A

Brand name
Trademark
Trade name
Proprietary name

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17
Q

Example brand names for the the generic name:

Paracetamol

A

Biogesic
Tempra

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18
Q

Example brand names for the the generic name:

Ibuprofen

A

Alaxan
Advil

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19
Q

Example brand names for the the generic name:

Phenylephrine HCl

A

Decolgen
Neozep

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20
Q

Example brand names for the the generic name:

Loperamide

A

Diatabs
Imodium

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21
Q

Example brand names for the the generic name:

Loratide

A

Claritin
Cetirizine

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22
Q

Example brand names for the the generic name:

Dextromethorphan/ Guaifenesin

A

Vicks
Robitussin

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23
Q

Drug Classification by Name

A

Chemical Name
Generic/ Non-Proprietary Name
Brand Name

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24
Q

Drugs that have similar chemical actions and are grouped into categories.

A

Drug Classification by Action

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25
Q

Drug Classification by Action aka

A

Drug Families/ Pharmacological effect

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26
Q

Drug Classification by Action

Although this system is a convenient way to classify drugs for study purposes, it is not totally reliable or exclusive because (1) which means it would be (2).

A
  1. one drug may have several diff psychologic effects on body
  2. listed under more than one category
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27
Q

Reduce pain without loss of consciousness

A

Analgesics

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28
Q

Analgesics route

A

Oral or parenteral

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29
Q

Parenteral

A

via IV infusion

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30
Q

Reduces fever

A

Antipyretic

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31
Q

Antipyretic route

A

Oral

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32
Q

Treat alterations in the rhythm of the heart

A

Antiarrhythmic

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33
Q

Antiarrhythmic route

A

Oral/ parenteral

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34
Q

Antiarrhythmic types

A
  1. Beta blockers
  2. Calcium Channel Blockers
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35
Q

Beta blockers aka

A

Beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent

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36
Q

Block action of adrenaline which is responsible for heart activity; Lowers heart activity

A

Beta blockers (Antiarrhythmic)

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37
Q

Lowers BP; stops action of calcium from entering the cells of heart and arteries

A

Calcium channel blockers

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38
Q

NSAIDs that treat fungal or bacterial infections

A

Antibiotics

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39
Q

Antibiotics Route

A

Parenteral/ Oral

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40
Q

Usually ends with -lol

A

Beta clockers

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41
Q

Antibiotics types

A

Aminoglycosides
Macrolides

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42
Q

Prevents protein transalation (from one area to another)

A

Aminoglycosides

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43
Q

Inhibits protein synthesis (growth)

A

Macrolides

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44
Q

Usually ends with -mycin

A

Aminoglycosides

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45
Q

Usually ends with -thromycin

A

Macrolides

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46
Q

Blood thinners (Prevents blood clot formation)

A

Antithrombotic

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47
Q

Antithrombotic Route

A

Oral/ Injection

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48
Q

Types of Antithrombotic

A

Anticoagulant
Antiplatelet

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49
Q

Slows down clotting, thereby reducing fibrin formation and preventing clots from forming

A

Anticoagulant (Antithrombotic)

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50
Q

Prevent platelets from clumping; used during surgivcal procedures to allow free flow of blood in BVs

A

Antiplatelet (Antithrombotic)

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51
Q

Prevents/ relieves convulsions

A

Anticonvulsants/ Antiepileptic

52
Q

Anticonvulsants Route

53
Q

Stimulates SNS, increases BP, relaxes smooth muscle of respiratory system

A

Adrenergic

54
Q

Adrenergic aka

A

Vasopressor

55
Q

Adrenergic increase (1) and constrict (2)

A
  1. BP
  2. Blood vessels
56
Q

Open the airways leading to the lungs

A

Adrenergic

57
Q

Increase heart rate

A

Adrenergic

58
Q

Stops bleeding

A

Adrenergic

59
Q

Depresses parasympathetic system

A

Anticholinergic/ antispasmodic

60
Q

Anticholinergic/ antispasmodic blocks the action of a neurotransmitter called —

A

Acetylcholine

61
Q

Usuallt given to patients with muscle spasm/ COPD/ overactive bladder (polyuria)

A

Anticholinergic/ antispasmodic

62
Q

Prevent vomiting

A

Antiemetics

Nb. Vomiting: emesis

63
Q

Antiemetics Route

A

Oral/ rectal/ injection

64
Q

used in the treatment of high BP; usually accompanied by diuretic

A

Antihypertensives

65
Q

Antihypertensives are usually accompanied by —

66
Q

Antihypertensives Route

A

Oral/ parenteral

67
Q

Increases cardiac output

A

Cardiac stimulant

68
Q

Cardiac stimulant Route

69
Q

Usually given to paients having cardiac arrest

A

Cardiac stimulant

70
Q

Drugs that promote evacuations of bowels, relieves constipation, prepare colon for diagnostic tests

71
Q

Cathartic Route

A

Oral/ Rectal

72
Q

Cathartic vs Purgative vs Laxative

A

Laxative (mild constipation): promotes soft stool

Cathartic (moderate constipation): soft and mild watery stool w/ mild abdominal cramping

Purgative (severe constipation): watery stool with mild-severe abdominal constipation

73
Q

Stimulates vomiting

74
Q

Emetic Route

75
Q

Usually given to patients experiencing oral poisoning

76
Q

Helps to reduce anxiety, such as generalized anxiety, phobias, panic, disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder

A

Anxiolytics

77
Q

Anxiolytics Route

A

Oral/ parenteral

78
Q

Prevents/ alleviates mental depression

A

Antidepressant

79
Q

Antidepressant Route

80
Q

Relieves allergies symptoms

A

Antihistamine/ antiallergic

81
Q

Antihistamine/ antiallergic Route

82
Q

Reduces coughing

A

Antitussive/ cough suppressant

83
Q

Antitussive/ cough suppressant Route

84
Q

Expectorants vs Mucolytics vs Decongestant

A

Expectorants: moisten the airways to allow smooth expel of mucus

Mucolytics: Mucus thinner

Decongestant: helps relieve stuffy nose, sinus, and ear symptoms

85
Q

Lowers blood glucose

A

Hypoglycemic

86
Q

Hypoglycemic Route

87
Q

reduces anxiety (while conscious)

A

Tranquilizer/ Sedative

88
Q

Tranquilizer/ Sedative vs Hypnotic/ Drowsy Medications

A

Tranquilizer/ Sedative: reduces anxiety while conscious

Hypnotic/ Drowsy Medications: induces sleep

89
Q

Tranquilizer/ Sedative Route

A

Parenteral

90
Q

Stimulates the central nervous system

91
Q

Stimulant Route

92
Q

Increases the excretion of urine, also to treat congestive heart failure

93
Q

Diuretics Route

A

Oral/ Parenteral

94
Q

Dull the senses, relieve pain, induce sleep

95
Q

Narcotics Route

A

Oral/ Parenteral

96
Q

Most commonly abused drug

97
Q

Cause narrowing of blood vessels

A

Vasoconstrictor

98
Q

Vasoconstrictor Route

A

Parenteral

99
Q

Cause widening/ dilation of vessels

A

Vasodilators

100
Q

Vasodilators Route

A

Oral/ Parenteral/ Transdermal

101
Q

Fentanyl, Morphine, Codeine, Meperidine, oxycodone, Naproxen, Ibuprofen

A

Analgesics

102
Q

Aspirin, acetaminophen

A

Antipyretic

103
Q

Metoprolol, Propranolol, Nadolol

A

Beta blockers (Antiarrhythmic)

104
Q

Verapamil, Diltiazem, Amlodipine, Digoxin, Adenosine, Lidocaine

A

Calcium Channel Blockers (Antiarrhythmic)

(LAV DAD)

105
Q

Cephalosporins

A

Aminoglycosides (Antibiotics)

106
Q

Lincosamides, Penicillins, Sulfonamides, Tetracyclines

A

Macrolides (Antibiotics)

107
Q

Warfarin, Heparin, Lepirudin

A

Anticoagulant (Antithrombotic)

108
Q

Aspirin, Tirofiban, Epoprostenol

A

Antiplatelet (Antithrombotic)

109
Q

Carbamazepine, phenytoin

A

Anticonvulsant/ Antiepileptic

110
Q

Epinephrine

A

Adrenergic/ Vasopressor

111
Q

Atropine, scopolamine, belladonna)

A

Anticholinergic/ Antispasmodic

112
Q

Metoclopramide (hydroxyzine, Prochlorperazine)

A

Antiemetics

113
Q

Metoprolol, Vasotec

A

Antihypertensives

114
Q

Digitalis

A

Cardiac stimulant

115
Q

Bisacodyl, castor oil

116
Q

Activated charcoal, ipecac

117
Q

Benzodiazepines, Midazolam, Diazepam, Clonazelam, Oxazepam, Barbituates, Lorazepam, Thiopental, Phenobarbital

A

Anxiolytics

118
Q

Fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, nortriptyline

A

Antidepressant

119
Q

Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl)

A

Antihistamine/ Antiallergic

120
Q

Dextromethorphan

A

Antitussive/ Cough suppressant

121
Q

Insulin chlorpropamide, metformin, empagliflozin

A

Hypoglycemic

122
Q

Benzodiazepines: diazepam (Valium) and alprazolam (Xanax)

A

Tranquilizer/ sedative

123
Q

Caffeine, amphetamines

124
Q

Enalapril, Perindopril, Furosemide, Torasemide, Bendroflumethiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide

125
Q

Morphine, codeine, meperidine, opiod

126
Q

Levophed

A

Vasoconstrictor

127
Q

Nitroprusside, Ethanol, Nitroglycerine

A

Vasodilators

214 (11 decks)

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