Prelim | Dose Forms Flashcards
Manner on how drugs are being prepared/ how chemical agents are being transported in the bofy
Dose forms
DOSE FORM CLASSIFICATION
- ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
- PHYSICAL FORM
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
- Oral
- Parenteral
- Transdermal
- Respiratory/ Inhaled
- Ophthalmic
- Rectal
- Vaginal
- Otic
ROOT PROV
PHYSICAL FORM
- Solid
- Semi-solid
- Liquid
- Gases
Most common oral dose and one of the easiest to administer (for adults)
Tablet
A granulated drug that has been compressed into a solid hard disk.
Tablet
Single-dose units that may be scored to facilitate division into halves or quarters.
Tablet
Buccal, Sublingual, Dispersible, chewable, film-coated, enteric-coated, effervescent, etc.
Tablet
Coated on animal skin/ product
Enteric-coated
A dose form in which a powdered or liquid drug is contained in a gelatin shell.
Capsule
The gelatin shell (proteins extracted from animal collagen) dissolves in the
stomach and releases its contents.
Capsule
Gelatin shell of capsules are extracted from —
animal collagen
Types of capsule
Hard capsule
Soft gelation capsule
Hard capsule vs Soft gelation capsule
Hard capsule: low moisture content; powder, pellet, granules
Soft gelation capsule: high moisture content; ex. fish oil, keratin
A solid preparation that used to medicate the mouth and throat for the slow administration of indigestion or cough remedies.
* can also be for chest decongestion
Lozenges
Lozenges consists of (1) and (2), the latter giving strength and cohesiveness to the lozenge and facilitating (3) of the medicament.
- sugar
- gum
- slow release
A solid medicated pill or candy preparation that design to dissolve slowly in the mouth.
Pastilles
Pastilles are softer than lozenge and their base are —
Glycerol, gelatin, acacia and sugar
Pastilles main absorption sire
Tongue, buccal, intestines
A small rounded dosage form containing medicaments mixed with additives.
Pills
Commonly found on OCs (oral contraceptives)
Pills
Pills vs tablets
Pills: mixed with additives
Tanlet: Pure content of medication
Consists of solid, dry aggregates of powder particles with irregular shape often supplied in single-dose sachets.
Granules
Some — are placed under the tongue and swallowed with water and other are intended to be dissolved in water before taking.
granules
It is a dose form shaped for insertion into a body orifice such as the rectum.
Suppository
Once inserted, the suppository dissolves and (1). It may have (2) or (3) effect.
- releases the drug
- local
- systemic
Semi-solid medicated preparation designed for insertion into the vagina where they melt
Pessaries
Common content of pessaries
- antiseptics
- Contraceptive agents
- Local anesthetic
Semi-solid, medicated preparations for application to the skin, rectum, or nasal mucosa.
Ointment
Ointment base is usually
(1) and (2) with skin secretions.
- anhydrous
- immiscible
A — is constrained with 3D poymetric matrix (consists of natural or synthetic gum), having a high degree of physical or chemical cross-linking.
gel liquid phase
A semisolid dosage form containing one or more drug substances dissolved or dispersed in a suitable base (oil/ water)
Creams
Dose form in which one or more drugs are dissolved in a liquid carrier.
Solution
Usually rapidly absorbed and may be administered orally or parentally.
Solution
Stabilized oil-in-water dispersions, either or both phases of which may contain dissolved solids either oil is dispersed in finely divided form in water or vice versa.
Emulsion
Liquid-in-liquid despersion (immiscible)
Emulsion
Solution vs Emulsion
Solution: Pure chemical content placed in a bottle; DON’T shake
Emulsion: Does not mix with other chemical content of product; NEEDS to be shaken
It is a dose form in which one or more drugs in small particle are suspended in a liquid carrier.
Suspension
Most suspensions are administered (1) and should be (2) thoroughly just before administration.
- orally
- shaken
Suspension should never be administered —
intravenously
It is a concentrated aqueous solution of a sugar, usually sucrose to which medicaments are added.
Syrup
solution of nitro cellulose in ether or acetone, some times with the addition of alcohols.
Collodion
Collodion is composed of (1) for treatment of scar,
warts, and other skin conditions.
- pyroxillin
Intended to be administered in small volumes with the aid of a suitable measuring device.
Oral, Eye, Ear, or Nasal administration
Drops
The — route of administration may be used for either local or systemic effects (general anesthetics).
inhalation
Allow high concentrations to be deposited in the respiratory mucosa and exert action by producing bronchodilation or reducing inflammation.
Inhaler
Release of a dose of the medicament under pressure in an aerosol dispenser in the form of droplets of 50 um diameter or less from the container through a spring loaded valve incorporating a metering device.
Inhaler
It is commonly used in the treatment of asthma and other respiratory problems.
Inhaler
It is commonly used in treating asthma, and other respiratory diseases.
Nebulizer/ Atomizer
It is a device used to administer medication in forms of a liquid mist to the air ways.
Nabulizer/ Atomizer
It pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into a vapor, which is then inhaled by the patient.
Nebulizer/ Atomizer
Atomizer/ Nebulizer
Generally prefer to inhalers for patients, due to advantages such as:
- Cheaper
- More portable
- Less-risk of side effects
Only reserved for serious cases of respiratory sidease or severe attack
Nebulizer/ Atomizer
Atomizer vs Nebulizer
Atomizer: Form of air particles
Nebulizer: Form of mist
