Prehension, mastication, ensalivation Flashcards
What role does ensalivation play?
Lubrication, buffering agent, dissolves substance, binds food together
What are the 3 types of secretory glands?
Mucous, serous, mixed
What type of secretion do serous glands produce, and what colour do they stain?
Watery secretion, staining basophilic (purple)
What type of secretion do mucous glands produce, and what colour do they stain?
Mucin
Stain a pale purple, giving a frothy appearance
What type of secretion do mixed glands produce, and what colour do they stain?
Contain both serous/ mucous secreting cells (proportions vary)
What is the structural pattern of a large, proper salivary gland?
Tubulo-alveolar pattern, composed on both tubular and alveolar portions, with a complex duct system
What is the composition of acini (alveolus) portions in salivary glands?
The acini/ alveolus are made of pyramidal cells surrounding a central lumen, with contractile myoepithelial cells around them
How are glandular portions of salivary glands organised?
Divided into lobules, where multiple will form a lobe
What are intralobular ducts?
Ducts within the lobe/ lobule of a gland
What are interlobar ducts?
Ducts that lie between lobes in the connective tissue framework
What are intercalated ducts in salivary glands?
Short ducts with cuboidal cells and a small lumen, which empty into larger ducts
What are striated ducts, why do they appear striated and why do they do this?
Striated ducts have taller cells, and their basal membranes appear striated due to numerous infoldings. This increases surface area for saliva modification
How does the epithelium of ducts change as they enlarge?
Epithelium changes from columnar to cuboidal or stratified cuboidal
What are the 4 main salivary glands in carnivores?
Zygomatic, parotid, mandibular, sublingual
Where is the parotid gland located?
In the retromandibular fossa, near the back of the external ear
What type of secretion does the parotid gland produce?
Serous, but can be mixed in young dogs
What is the duct pathway of the parotid duct?
The parotid duct crosses the lateral surface of the masseter muscle, and discharges at the parotid papilla above maxillary (upper) P4/ M1
What should be considered during tooth extraction near the parotid duct?
As it is superficial, care must be taken to not damage it
Where are the mandibular salivary glands located?
Caudal and medial to the angle of the jaw, partly covered by the ventral part of the parotid gland
Is the mandibular salivary gland encapsulated?
Yes, making it palpable
What veins are associated with the mandibular salivary gland?
Maxillary vein (dorsally)
Linguofacial vein (ventrally)
What type of secretion does the mandibular salivary gland produce?
Mixed, but predominantly mucous
Where does the mandibular duct open?
Open lateral to the frenulum of the tongue
What type of secretion does the sublingual gland secrete?
Mixed
What are the 2 types of sublingual glands, and describe them?
Monostomatic (compact) and Polystomatic (diffuse)
Compact: single duct, opening close to mandibular duct
Diffuse: chain of lobules with their own ducts
Where is the zygomatic gland located and what animals are they found in?
Carnivores, located ventral to the orbit, between the eyeball/ zygomatic arch
