Pregnancy Complications Flashcards
What are the differences between early and late embryonic mortality?
Early is before maternal recognition of pregnancy
Late is after maternal recognition of pregnancy for irregular return to oestrus
Foetal loss occurs after 42 days in the cow
What factors affect pregnancy rate?
Maternal BCS loss Dietary proteins (inc results in dec) Infectious agents Stress Trauma
Which drugs induce foetal loss?
Corticosteriods
Prostaglandins
Oestrogens
Oxytocin
What are the four different types of foetal loss?
Maceration
Mummification
Abortion
Stillbirth
What are the different types of complications in parturition?
Hydrops (oedema of placenta)
Torsion of uterus
Prolapse of vagina
Prolapse of uterus
What are the treatment options for hydrops?
Cull, induce parturition or two stage caesarean section
When does uterine torsion occur? What is the cause?
Near full term in the cow or around nine months in the mare. Should check uterine ligaments
In the cow it is normally rotated anticlockwise due to the rumen and is more common in heifers due to lack of space
In what species does cervical vaginal prolapse occur?
Sheep and cattle
What can be the result of a prolapse?
Infection of the caudal or cranial genital tract
Inappetence
Urinary retention
Rupture
What are the four possible treatment for a prolapse uterus?
Harness
Spoon
- Does not need to be removed at parturition
Horizontal mattress suture
Buhner suture
- Embedded suture in the muscle which is loosened for parturition
What is a risk factor for uterine prolapse?
Hypocalcaemia
What is the use of sugar in uterine prolapse?
Draws fluid from the uterine wall
What are the ages for sexual maturity in the:
- Horse
- Cow
- Sheep
- Pig
- Goat
- Alpaca
- 12-24months
- 7-18 months
- 6-15months
- 6-8months
- 4-8months
6 14-24months
What drugs can you use to stimulate breathing in the neonate?
Doxapram hydrochloride
