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Pharmaceutics > Preformulation - Solid State > Flashcards

Preformulation - Solid State Flashcards

1
Q

Why are solids important?

A

Many medicines presented as solid dosage forms
Manufacture of most medicines involve solid ingredients
Solid properties can affect performance of medicines
Solid properties influence formulation decisions

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2
Q

Describe polymorphism

A

Crystalline solids only
Same chemical substance, different crystal structure
Different molecular arrangement
Functional groups in different ways

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3
Q

What are the different bulk properties?

A 
Melting point
Chemical reactivity 
Optical properties 
Solubility 
Dissolution rate
Mechanical properties
vapour pressure
Density
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4
Q

What do bulk properties depend on?

A

Type, strength + orientation of intermolecular bonds

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5
Q

What is transformation?

A

One solid form can spontaneously convert to another

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6
Q

What does transformation depend on?

A

Favourable environmental conditions

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7
Q

What is the stability of metastable crystalline, amorphous + stable crystalline?

A

Amorphous < metastable crystalline < stable crystalline

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8
Q

What happens to solubility of Amorphous < metastable crystalline < stable crystalline as stability increases?

A

Decreases

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9
Q

What is the symmetry of Form I of paracetamol?

A

Monoclinic

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10
Q

What is the symmetry of Form II of paracetamol?

A

Orthorhombic

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11
Q

What is the stability of Form I of paracetamol?

A

Stable

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12
Q

What is the stability of Form II of paracetamol?

A

Metastable

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13
Q

What is the crystallisation of Form I of paracetamol?

A

Easy

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14
Q

What is the crystallisation of Form II of paracetamol?

A

Difficult

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15
Q

What is the compactability of Form I of paracetamol?

A

Low

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16
Q

What is the compactability of Form II of paracetamol?

A

High

17
Q

What is the shape of Form I of spironolactone?

A

Needle-like

18
Q

What is the shape of Form II of spironolactone?

A

Prism

19
Q

What is the melting point of Form I of spironolactone?

A

205 degrees

20
Q

What is the melting point of Form II of spironolactone?

A

210 degrees

21
Q

What are the crystalline solid properties?

A 
Crystal lattice
Regular, repeating molecular arrangement
Short + long-range order
Defined geometric shape
Flat faces (habit)
Sharp melting point
Thermodynamically stable
22
Q

What are the amorphous solid properties?

A 
Irregular molecular arrangement
Short-range order only
NO long-range order, lattice or habit
Thermodynamically less stable than crystals
No sharp melting points
Glass transition temperature

Pharmaceutics (21 decks)

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