Making a Medicine Flashcards
What is a medicine?
Preparation of a substance used to treat or prevent a disease
What is a drug?
Substance that exerts the desired pharmacological effect
What are the inactive ingredients called?
Excipients
What is preparation known as?
Formulation
What is dosage form?
Physical form of preparation
What is preformulation?
Stage where physiochemical properties of a drug is determined
What is Lipinski’s rule of 5?
molecular weight <500
logP <5
H-bond donors <5
H-bond acceptors <10
What does Lipinski’s rule of 5 assume?
Absorption by diffusion, excluding substrates for transporters
What is solubility?
The max amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given solvent
What is solubility affected by?
Solvent properties
Solute properties
Temperature
Pressure
What is the solubility + permeability for class 1 drugs?
High
High
What is the solubility + permeability for class 2 drugs?
Low
High
What is the solubility + permeability for class 3 drugs?
High
Low
What is the solubility + permeability for class 4 drugs?
Low
Low
What does logP indicate?
How lipophilic the drug is
= lowers aq solubility
Why is logP important?
Key determinant of dug absorption + permeability across biological membranes
What is the major consideration in formulation choice?
Emulsion vs Aq
What do many drugs ionise in?
H2O
What do basic drugs ionise in?
More acidic medium
What do acidic drugs ionise in?
More basic medium
What is the ionised form more?
Soluble in H2O
