Prefinal - Unit C 2

Question 1

is right lower-quadrant pain that is produced with the patient extends the hip due to inflammation of the peritoneum overlying the psoas muscles and inflammation of the psoas muscles themselves.

Answer 1

Psoas sign

Question 2

Straightening out the leg causes pain because it stretches the muscles, and flexing the hip into the “fetal position” relieves the pain.

Question 3

Either lift the skin or stimulate the skin with gentle jabbing with a sterile pin
Indicates a zone of peritoneal irritation
RLQ– appendicitis
Mid Epigastrium – peptic ulcer

Answer 3

Cutaneous Hypersensitivity

Question 4

is elicited in patients with acute cholecystitis by asking the patient to take in and hold a deep breath while palpating the right subcostal area

Answer 4

Murphy’s Sign

Question 5

is a redness and swelling (inflammation) of the gallbladder

Answer 5

Cholecystitis

Question 6

Lice or nits (eggs) at the base of the pubic indicate infestation with ___. This condition commonly referred to as “crabs” is most often transmitted by sexual contact.

Answer 6

pediculosis pubis

Question 7

The vagina is tilted typically at a ___° angle posteriorly.

Answer 7

45

Question 8

is a mucus-secreting gland, which plays a role in vaginal lubrication

Answer 8

Bartholin gland

Question 9

At this stage, cancer is confined to the cervix. Substage IA involves a microscopic diagnosis, meaning cancer cells can only be seen under a microscope. Substage IB involves a visible tumor that is confined to the cervix.

Answer 9

Stage I (Early Stage):

Question 10

Cancer has spread beyond the cervix but is still confined to the pelvic area. Substage IIA indicates cancer has spread to the upper part of the vagina, but not to the tissues next to the uterus. Substage IIB indicates the tumor has invaded nearby tissues beside the uterus but has not spread to the pelvic wall.

Answer 10

Stage II (Locally Advanced):

Question 11

Cancer has spread to the lower part of the vagina or to the walls of the pelvis. Substage IIIA indicates cancer has spread to the lower part of the vagina but not to the pelvic wall. Substage IIIB indicates cancer has spread to the pelvic wall or the tumor has caused kidney problems.

Answer 11

Stage III (Regionally Advanced):

Question 12

Cancer has spread beyond the pelvic area to distant organs like the bladder, rectum, or even other parts of the body. Substage IVA involves cancer spreading to the bladder or rectum. Substage IVB involves distant metastasis, where cancer has spread to other organs like the lungs or bones.

Answer 12

Stage IV (Advanced):

Question 13

Fundus is large in the upper end of the uterus and is round, firm, and smooth.

Question 14

An enlarged uterus and irregular shape suggest pregnancy or a tumor (myoma).



Question 15

Prepubertal; no public hair and genitals proportionally the same as in childhood.

Answer 15

Stage 1:

Question 16

Sparse hair growth at the base of the penis slightly darkened. The scrotum and testes enlarge; the scrotum thins and reddens.

Answer 16

Stage 2:

Question 17

Hair growth darker, more coarse, and curled across the mons pubis. Penis grows in length and the testes and scrotum continue to grow.

Answer 17

Stage 3:

Question 18

Hair growth is more dense; coarse and curly like in an adult, but not yet spread to the inner thighs. Penis continues to grow; the glans (head) of the penis becomes more prominent. The scrotum darkens.

Answer 18

Stage 4:

Question 19

Hair growth extends to the inner thighs. Genitalia reach adult size and shape.

Answer 19

Stage 5:

Question 20

is defined as the inability to retract the skin (foreskin or prepuce) covering the head (glans) of the penis.

Answer 20

Phimosis

Question 21

is the type of scrotal swelling that occurs when fluid collects in the thin sheath that surrounds the testicle.

Answer 21

Hydrocele

Question 22

is inflammation of the epididymis, usually caused by an infection.

Answer 22

Epididymitis

Question 23

this is a blood clot caused by trauma or injury to the testicles or scrotum.

Answer 23

Haematocele

Question 24

is an enlargement of the veins within the loose bag of skin that holds the testicles (scrotum).

Answer 24

A varicocele

Question 25

is a collection of blood under the surface of the skin at the edge of the anal opening

Answer 25

Perianal Haematoma

Question 26

also called fistula-in-ano — is a tunnel that develops between the inside of the anus and the outside skin around the anus

Answer 26

Anal Fistula

Question 27

Anal Hemorrhoids Gradient: Prominent hemorrhoidal vessels, no prolapse.

Answer 27

Grade I

Question 28

Anal Hemorrhoids Gradient: Prolapsed hemorrhoids with Valsalva maneuver; spontaneously reduces.

Answer 28

Grade II

Question 29

Anal Hemorrhoids Gradient: Prolapsed hemorrhoids with Valsalva maneuver; manual reduction is required.

Answer 29

Grade III

Question 30

Anal Hemorrhoids Gradient: Chronically prolapsed hemorrhoids; manual reduction is ineffective

Answer 30

Grade IV

Question 31

involves forcefully exhaling against a closed airway, typically by closing the mouth and pinching the nose shut while attempting to exhale. This maneuver increases pressure in the chest and abdominal cavities, which can have various effects on the body.

Answer 31

Valsalva maneuver

Question 32

a stiff, foot-dragging walk caused by a long muscle contraction on one side

Answer 32

SPASTIC GAIT

Question 33

Legs flexed slightly at the hips and knees like crouching, with the knees and thighs hitting or crossing in a scissors-like

Answer 33

SCISSORS GAIT

Question 34

a stooped, stiff posture with the head and neck bent forward

Answer 34

PROPULSIVE GAIT

Question 35

foot drop where the foot hangs with the toes pointing down, causing the toes to scrape the ground while walking, requiring someone to lift the LEG higher than

Answer 35

STEPPAGE GAIT

Question 36

duck-like walk that may appear in childhood

Answer 36

WADDLING GAIT

Question 37

is a simple test of balance recovery.. Subjects stand with feet close together. The examiner pushes with light even pressure over the sternum three times.

Answer 37

Nudge Test

Question 38

is a type of degenerative disease that affects your neck. Normally, soft disks between your vertebrae, and the bones in your spine, provide cushioning. These disks become compressed.

Answer 38

Cervical spondylosis

Question 39

is a physical examination used in family medicine, physical medicine, and rehabilitation, rheumatology to measure the ability of a patient to flex the lower back.

Answer 39

Schober’s test

Question 40

A provocative test used in the diagnosis of CTS. This occurs when the median nerve is compressed or squeezed at the wrist.



Answer 40

Phalen’s Test

Question 41

Tingling or numbness radiating into the fingers (especially the palmar surface) indicates a positive test for median and/or radial nerve impairment

Question 42

A test for carpal tunnel syndrome. A way to detect irritated nerves.

Answer 42

Tinel’s Test

Question 43

Tinel’s sign is positive when lightly banging (percussing) over the nerve elicits a sensation of tingling, or pins and needles, in the distribution of the nerve.

Question 44

to detect amounts of fluid in the knee.

Answer 44

Bulge Test

Question 45

Gently press just medial of the patella, then move the hand in an ascending motion. Then press firmly on the lateral aspect of the knee. Commonly, no fluid will be appreciated. A medial aspect that ‘bulges’ out after lateral pressure (positive “bulge sign”) is consistent with a moderate amount of fluid.