Physical Examination - 3

Question 1

___ is a common vision condition in which the client can see objects that are near.

Answer 1

Nearsightedness (myopia)

Question 2

___ is the gradual loss of the eye’s ability to focus on nearby objects.

Answer 2

Presbyopia (farsightedness)

Question 3

Measures peripheral vision compared to the examiner (assuming the examiner’s vision is normal)

Both examiner and patient cover one eye with a card, stand about 2 feet away, and maintain eye contact

Answer 3

Confrontation test

Question 4

(damage of optic nerve)

Answer 4

Glaucoma

Question 5

Muscles of the Eye:

Answer 5

Superior rectus muscle
Lateral Rectus Muscle
Inferior Rectus Muscle
Inferior Oblique Muscle
Medial Rectus Muscle
Superior Oblique Muscle

Question 6

Eye Motion:

Answer 6

Introsion
Extrosion
Elevation
Depression
Adduction
Abduction

Question 7

Paralysis of the lateral rectus due to damage to the abducent nerve leads to a ___

Answer 7

Medial Squint.

Question 8

• Dropping of the Eyelid.

Answer 8

Ptosis

Question 9

Look laterally and upward

Answer 9

Inferior Oblique -

Question 10

Look laterally and downward

Answer 10

Inferior Oblique -

Question 11

Look laterally

Answer 11

Lateral rectus -

Question 12

Look medially

Answer 12

Medial rectus -

Question 13

Look medially and upward

Answer 13

Superior rectus -

Question 14

Look medially and downward

Answer 14

Inferior rectus -

Question 15

The ___ test (also known as the corneal light reflex test) is a quick and simple way to check ocular alignment. This is also used as an initial screening for ___.

Answer 15

Hirschberg

strabismus

Question 16

In ___, the covered eye will deviate toward hetrophoric position.

Answer 16

Hetrophoria

Question 17

This is to test also which cranial nerves?

Answer 17

the CN III (Oculomotor), IV (Trochlear), and VI (Abducens).

Question 18

• Eyes that are always improperly aligned
• Always present

Answer 18

Tropia

Question 19

• Eyes that have a tendency to misalign when fusion is interrupted
• only present some of the time

Answer 19

Phoria

Question 20

- Upward deviation

Answer 20

Hyper

Question 21

• Downward deviation

Answer 21

Hypo

Question 22

Squint Eye ()

Answer 22

Strabismus

Question 23

• eye turns inwards

Answer 23

Esotropia

Question 24

• eye turns downwards

Answer 24

Hypotropia

Question 25

• Inward deviation

Answer 25

Eso

Question 26

• Outward deviation

Answer 26

Exo

Question 27

• eye turns outwards

Answer 27

Exotropia

Question 28

• eye turns upwards

Answer 28

Hypertropia

Question 29

___ is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which antibodies destroy the communication between nerves and muscles, resulting in weakness of the skeletal muscles.

Answer 29

Myasthenia gravis

Question 30

Failure of lids to close completely may be indicative of ___ damage.

Answer 30

corneal

Question 31

___ are raised yellow plaques located most often near the inner canthus and are normal with age and high lipid levels.

Answer 31

Xanthelasma

Question 32

An inverted lower lid is a condition called ___, which may cause pain and can injure the cornea.

Answer 32

entropion

Question 33

___ is when an inverted lower eyelid that results in exposure and drying of the conjunctiva.

Answer 33

Ectropion

Question 34

Protrusion of the eyeballs (___) is significant in hyperthyroidism.

Answer 34

exophthalmosq

Question 35

Redness of conjunctiva is significant to ___ or pink eye.

Answer 35

conjunctivitis

Question 36

___ of the lower lid is significant with heart or lung disorders.

Answer 36

Cyanosis

Question 37

___ are small, raised, and red bumps on the skin.

Answer 37

Pyogenic granulomas

Question 38

___ are the tiny openings in your eyelids that drain tears from your eyes.

Answer 38

Puncta

Question 39

Opacities of the lens are indicative of ___.

Answer 39

cataracts

Question 40

___ is a progressive eye disease in which the normally round cornea thins and begins to bulge into a cone-like shape combination of genetic susceptibility along with environmental and hormonal influences

Answer 40

Keratoconus

Question 41

Pupils are normally ___ mm.

Answer 41

3 – 5

Question 42

During the second month of fetal development, a seam-like structure (optic fissure) closes to form the eye. When it doesn’t fuse, it results in ___.

Answer 42

coloboma

Question 43

When the client’s pupils dilate in an unusual way it is called ___ & when the iris constricts to cause very small or pinpoint pupils, it is called .

Answer 43

mydriasis

miosis

Question 44

___ refers to the pupil of one eye that differs in size from the pupil of the other eye. Due to aneurysm/bleeding in the brain, head injury, brain tumor or abscess, excess pressure in one eye, and increased intracranial pressure

Answer 44

Anisocoria

Question 45

Pupillary light reflex can distinguish between damage to CN ___ and damage to CN ___

Answer 45

CN II (the optic nerve)

CN III (the oculomotor nerve)

Question 46

The ___ nerve controls the direct pupillary light reflex.

Answer 46

optic

Question 47

The ___ nerve controls the consensual pupillary light reflex.

Answer 47

oculomotor

Question 48

A ___ response is any reflex observed on one side of the body when the other side has been stimulated.

Answer 48

consensual

Question 49

PERRLA

Answer 49

Pupils Equal Round and Responsive to Light and Accommodation

Question 50

There is no canal, which is called ___

Answer 50

aural atresia

Question 51

Complete absence of both the external ear and the ear canal,
also called “___”

Answer 51

anotia

Question 52

___ is the appearance of non-tender, hard, cream-colored nodules containing uric acid crystal on the outer ear.

Answer 52

Tophi

Question 53

___ is another name for a middle-ear infection. It means an infection behind your eardrum.

Answer 53

Massive otitis media