Precursor Lipids (FAs)

Question 1

What is the chemistry of FREE FAs?

Answer 1

C + H + FG (functional group)

Question 2

What # of C do naturally occuring FREE FAs have?

Answer 2

Even # of Cs

Question 3

Define Saturated FAs

Answer 3

Only has single bonds

Question 4

Define unsaturated FAs

Answer 4

Have 1≥ DBs

Question 5

Naturally occurring Unsaturated FAs are in which configuration?

Answer 5

Cis (Cs on same side, Hs on same side)

Question 6

What are the scientific and common names of Saturated FA w/ 2 Cs

Answer 6

Ethanoic acid
Acetic acid

Question 7

What are the scientific and common names of Saturated FA w/ 4 Cs

Answer 7

Butanoic acid
Butyric acid

Question 8

What are the scientific and common names of Saturated FA w/ 6 Cs

Answer 8

Hexanoic acid
Caproic acid

Question 9

What are the scientific and common names of Saturated FA w/ 8 Cs

Answer 9

Octanoic acid
Caprylic acid

Question 10

What are the scientific and common names of Saturated FA w/ 10 Cs

Answer 10

Decanoic acid
Capric acid (goat’s milk)

Question 11

What are the scientific and common names of Saturated FA w/ 12 Cs

Answer 11

Dodecanoic acid
Lauric acid (coconut oil)

Question 12

What are the scientific and common names of Saturated FA w/ 14 Cs

Answer 12

Tetradecanoic acid
Myristic acid

Question 13

What are the scientific and common names of Saturated FA w/ 16 Cs

Answer 13

Hexadecanoic acid
Palmitic acid

Question 14

What are the scientific and common names of Saturated FA w/ 18 Cs

Answer 14

Octadecanoic acid
Stearic acid

Question 15

What are the scientific and common names of Saturated FA w/ 20 Cs

Answer 15

Eicosanoic acid
Arachidic acid

Question 16

How do you name an unsaturated FA

Answer 16

Name the scientific C chain, name the # of DBs, add suffix “enoic acid”
(Ex) 10 Cs: decanoic acid =
Decaheaxenoic acid (unsaturated FAs)

Question 17

Name the 16C MUFA (16:1∆9) what is the food source?

Answer 17

Palmitoleic acid, nearly all fats

Question 18

Name the 18C MUFA (18:1∆9), what is the Ω, what is the food source

Answer 18

Oleic acid
Ω9
Olive oil

Question 19

How do you determine the # of DBs in a PUFA?

Answer 19

Cs - Ω = 1st DB

Following DBs are -3

Question 20

What PUFA has 2DBs? How many Cs? What’s the Ω? What’s the food source?

Answer 20

Linoleic 18Cs, Ω6, oils of canola, corn, soybean, peanuts, safflower, sunflower

Question 21

What PUFA has 3DBs and is converted into all other Ω3 FAs? How many Cs? What’s the Ω? What’s the food source?

Answer 21

Alpha-linolenic, 18Cs, Ω3, oils of flaxseeds, hemp, canola, soybean, walnut

Question 22

What PUFA has 3DBs? How many Cs? What’s the Ω? What’s the food source?

Answer 22

µ-linolenic, 18Cs, Ω6, oils of black currant seed, evening primrose, borage

Question 23

What PUFA has 4DBs? How many Cs? What’s the Ω? What’s the food source?

Answer 23

Arachidonic acid, 20Cs, Ω6, animal fats, dairy, peanut oil

Question 24

What PUFA has 5DBs? How many Cs? What’s the Ω? What’s the food source?

Answer 24

EPA, 20Cs, Ω3, fish oil

Question 25

What PUFA has 6DBs? How many Cs? What’s the Ω? What’s the food source?

Answer 25

DHA, 22Cs, Ω3, fish oil + algae

Question 26

Linoleic + Alpha-linolenic are both what type of FAs?

Answer 26

Essential

Question 27

What enzyme is required for the synthesis of Non-essential FAs? What are the 2 examples of this?

Answer 27

∆9Desaturase
Palmitic 16:0 -> Palmitoleic 16:1 ∆9
Stearic 18:0 -> Oleic 18:1 ∆9

Question 28

Explain the essential FAs synthesis of Essential Unsaturated FAs

Answer 28

Linoleic —> all other Ω6 FAs
Alpha-linolenic —> all other Ω3 FAs