Practise OSPE questions

Question 1

Answer 1

rectus abdominus
pyramidalis

Question 2

Answer 2

• arcuate line
• where inferior epigastric vessels perforate rectus abdominus muscle.
• below arcuate line, the rectus sheath only covers the front of the rectus abdominus muscle, and the rectus abdominus is instead covered posteriorly with transversalis fascia.

Question 3

Answer 3

arteries highlighted: inferior epigastric arteries
originate from: external iliac artery

Question 4

Answer 4

labelled: superior epigastric vein
drains into: internal thoracic vein

Question 5

Answer 5

• paraumbilical veins
• portal hypertension

Question 6

Answer 6

• extends from anterior superior iliac spine and pubic tubercle.
• formed from aponeurosis of external oblique muscles

Question 7

Answer 7

• deep inguinal ring > transversalis fascia
• direct inguinal hernia

Question 8

Answer 8

• medial end of inguinal ligament
• opening of superficial inguinal ringlies just superior

Question 9

Answer 9

• round ligament of uterus
• genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
• ilioinguinal nerve

Question 10

Answer 10

• quadratus lumborum
• extension and lateral flexion of spinal column

Question 11

Answer 11

right and left gastro-omental arteries

Question 12

Answer 12

green labelled artery = gastroduodenal branch of common hepatic artery
branches = right gastro-omental and superior pancreaticoduodenal

Question 13

Answer 13

L2/3
lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh

Question 14

Answer 14

obturator nerve L2-4

Question 15

Answer 15

• epiploic foramen of Winslow
• allows communication between greater and lesser sac

Question 16

Answer 16

ligament = ligamentum teres
remnant of umbilical vein

Question 17

Answer 17

T7-11 thoracoabdominal nerves, subcostal nerve T12 and branches of lumbar plexus

Question 18

what is the innervation of the external oblique muscles?

Answer 18

Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T11) and subcostal nerve (T12).

Question 19

what is the innervation of the internal oblique muscles?

Answer 19

Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T11), subcostal nerve (T12) and branches of the lumbar plexus.

Question 20

what is the innervation of the pyramidalis muscle?

Answer 20

subcostal nerve T12

Question 21

Answer 21

genitofemoral nerve
L1-L2

Question 22

Answer 22

extension and lateral flexion of the trunk

Question 23

the anterior wall of the inguinal canal is formed by?

Answer 23

aponeuroses of external and internal oblique muscles

Question 24

the posterior wall of the inguinal canal is formed by?

Answer 24

transversalis fascia

Question 25

the roof of the inguinal canal is formed by

Answer 25

internal obliques and transverse abs muscles