Posterior Abdominal Wall

Question 1

label this

Answer 1

Question 2

which three muscles form the posterior abdominal wall?

Answer 2

1. quadratus lumborum
2. psoas major
3. iliacus

Question 3

what is the action of the quadratus lumborum muscles?

Answer 3

extension and flexion of the vertebral column

Question 4

what is the action of the psoas major muscles?

Answer 4

flexion of the thigh at the hip and lateral flexion of the vertebral column.

Question 5

what is the action of the iliacus muscle?

highlighted in green

Answer 5

flexion and lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint

Question 6

what are the three main openings in the diaphragm and at what vertebral level do these occur?

Answer 6

• IVC hiatus > T8
• eosophageal hiatus > T10
• aortic hiatus > T12

Question 7

label the openings of the diaphragm

Answer 7

Question 8

what opening of the diaphragm does the thoracic duct pass through?

Answer 8

aortic hiatus

Question 9

what is a hiatus hernia

Answer 9

occurs when the upper part of your stomach bulges through the diaphragm

Question 10

where does the sympathetic visceral nerve supply come from?

Answer 10

• abdominosplanchnic nerves (greater, lesser and least)
• prevertebral sympathetic ganglia.
• abdominal aortic plexuses.

Question 11

where does the parasympathetic visceral nerve supply come from?

Answer 11

• anterior and posterior vagal trunks (vagus nerve - 10th cranial nerve).
• pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2, S3 and S4).

Question 12

what is the effect of vagotomy on gastric secretion?

Answer 12

reduces gastric secretion