Practice Test 2

Question 0

The following claim would most likely be made a proponent of which philosophical school of thought regarding good/evil: "Good and evil are not something we creat or decide but rather something we serve."
A. Nietzchism
B. Transcendence
C. Hedonism
D. Illusion/Useful Fiction

Answer 0

B

Question 1

Which of the following is a descriptive claim?
A. There is nothing wrong with using steroids to improve performance.
B. Anyone who has played tennis knows that it is tempting to call balls ‘in’ that had actually landed ‘out’.
C. One should never lie to the referee.
D. Though popular with the players, taking a dive in soccer is always wrong.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

T/F The following is a good summary of moral realism (as opposed to relativism): “Since we know many different moralities exist, the only realistic assessment of moral behavior requires one to allow each person to decide for himself what is right or wrong.”

Answer 2

False

Question 3

T/F The following is a good summary of the criticism Dr. T offered of tit-for-tat during the tit-for-tat tournament (class): “One of the weaknesses of tit-for-tat is its contrived nature. In the real world, where real harm results from our actions, we’re much more likely to descend into a negative spiral of revenge.”

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Which of the following pairs belong together?
A. Kant: Consequences
B. Bentham: Rules
C. Mill: Quantity
D. Aristotle: Habit

Answer 4

D

Question 5

Due to a rupture in the space time continuum, Kant was recently hired as the head coach for the Swedish Figure Skating Team. Upon learning his team plans on bribing judges at the Sochi Olympics, Kant declares that such behavior is wrong because it can’t be universalized without paralyzing the game. (If everyone does it the game would be ruined). In making this argument, Kant himself is relying on which famous Kantian principle?
A. The 1st formulation of the Categorical Imperative
B. The 2nd formulation of the Categorical Imperative
C. The 3rd formulation of the Categorical Imperative
D. The 4th formulation of the Categorical Imperative

Answer 5

A

Question 6

T/F According to utilitarian thinking, we should pursue the greatest good for the greatest number. Furthermore the good is understood as freedom, which evil is understood as subjugation.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Dr. T argued that Singer's understanding of tit-for-tat was problematic. Although Singer acknowledged it, Dr. T insisted that he should put a greater emphasis on:
A. Justice
B. Social Justice
C. Forgiveness
D. Reciprocation

Answer 7

C

Question 8

Which of the following best summarizes Bentham’s ethics?
A. Maximize pleasure
B. The good is a matter of following the right rules
C. We become what we practice
D. The quality not just the quantity of pleasure matters

Answer 8

A

Question 9

According to Socrates (in the Rings of Gyges):
A. We should pursue justice insofar as it makes our lives better
B. We should pursue justice because it produces peace and order
C. We should pursue justice but only criminal justice
D. We should pursue justice as an end in itself

Answer 9

D

Question 10

The basic strategy of tit-for-tat is:
A. Burn others before you get burned
B. Turn the other cheek
C. Cooperate then reciprocate
D. Look out for number one

Answer 10

C

Question 11

A virtue ethicist might criticize deontologists by arguing that “being trumps doing”. Which of the following best summarizes what they mean?
A. To do good and be good are two different things
B. Often the best rules need to be broken
C. Change your underwear, even when Mom’s not around
D. Doing good is a matter of being the type of person who follows the rules

Answer 11

A

Question 12

One might argue that the high pressure world of "big-time" intercollegiate athletics can encourage one to accept cheating, academic fraud, etc. After all, challenging such behavior might harm one's career. Doing so then would require a "readiness to accept harm for the sake of realizing the good." This idea (underlined) is best describes which of the four cardinal virtues:
A. Prudence
B. Justice
C. Courage
D. Moderation

Answer 12

C

Question 13

The argument is often made in sport that you should "just win". In other words, it doesn't matter how you won, it only matters that you won. This type of thinking, where the end justifies the means, has the most in common with:
A. Consequentialism
B. Deontology
C. Virtue Ethics
D. Intuitionism

Answer 13

A

Question 14

Which of the following thinkers argued that we should treat "humanity, whether in your own person or in that of any other, in every case as an end and never as  a means only"?
A. Aristotle
B. Bentham
C. Nietzsche
D. Kant

Answer 14

D

Question 15

The following claim would most likely be made a proponent of which philosophic school of thought regarding good/evil: "There is no mystery...Good is pleasure and evil is pain."
A. Nietzschism
B. Transcendence
C. Hedonism
D. Illusion/Useful Fiction

Answer 15

C

Question 16

Which of the following is a normative claim?
A. There is nothing wrong with using steroids to improve performance.
B. Anyone who has played tennis knows that it is tempting to call balls ‘in’ that had actually landed ‘out’.
C. Most baseball coaches believe that stealing signs is just part of the game.
D. Taking a dive is a commonly accepted practice in soccer.

Answer 16

A

Question 17

Which of the following pairs belong together?
A. Kant: Rules
B. Bentham: Categorical Imperative
C. Mill: Quantity
D. Aristotle: Duty

Answer 17

A

Question 18

Which of the following thinkers argued that "we become just by doing things that are just, temperate by doing things that are temperate, and courageous by doing things that are courageous"?
A. Aristotle
B. Bentham
C. Nietzsche
D. Kant

Answer 18

A