Practice Questions 8-10

Question 1

Which of the following is not a form of acute radiation syndrome?
Selected Answer:
a. Hematopoietic syndrome
b. Cerebrovascular syndrome
C. Gastrointestinal syndrome
D. Carcinogenic syndrome

Answer 1

Correctc. Carcinogenic syndrome

Question 2

Research has shown that repeated radiation injuries have a:

A. threshold effect.
b. quadratic effect.
c. sigmoidal effect.
D. cumulative effect.

Answer 2

cumulative effect

Question 3

Moist and dry desquamation can be caused by:

a. radiation doses received during routine diagnostic imaging procedures.
b. low radiation doses.
c. radiation doses received during routine mammography.
D. high radiation doses.

Answer 3

Correctd. high radiation doses.

Question 4

Which of the following groups is run by the government of Japan, primarily to study Japanese atomic bomb survivors?

a. International Commission on Radiological Protection
b. National Research Council Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation
c. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
d. Radiation Effects Research Foundation

Answer 4

Correctd. Radiation Effects Research Foundation

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true?

A.Medical imaging personnel almost never receive equivalent doses that are close to the annual effective dose limit.
b. Medical imaging personnel absolutely never receive equivalent doses that are close to the annual effective dose limit.
c. Medical imaging personnel always receive equivalent doses that are close to the annual effective dose limit.
d. Medical imaging personnel almost always receive equivalent doses that are close to the annual effective dose limit

Answer 5

Medical imaging personnel almost never receive equivalent doses that are close to the annual effective dose limit.

Question 6

After the 1986 nuclear power station accident in Chernobyl, Ukraine, an attempt was made to prevent thyroid cancer in children in Poland and some other countries as a consequence of accidental overdose of iodine-131; _______________ was administered as a substitute for take-up of iodine-131.

A. sodium bicarbonate
B. potassium iodide
c. potassium bromide
d. sodium chloride

Answer 6

potassium iodide

Question 7

In general, deterministic effects typically occur:

a. only after some diagnostic imaging procedures.
b. only after routine fluoroscopic procedures.
c. after all diagnostic imaging procedures.
d. only after large doses of radiation are received.

Answer 7

d. only after large doses of radiation are received.

Question 8

A single absorbed dose of 2 Gyt can cause a radiation-induced skin erythema within:
Selected Answer:

a. 6 hours after irradiation.
b. 1 hour after irradiation.
c. 12 hours after irradiation.
D. 24 to 48 hours after irradiation.

Answer 8

24 to 48 hours after irradiation.

Question 9

Genetic mutations at the molecular level are called:

A.chromosome mutations.
b. point mutations.
c. molecular mutations.
d. chromatid mutations.

Answer 9

point mutations.

Question 10

Which of the following are responsibilities of a health care facility’s radiation safety committee (RSC)?
1. Assist in the development of the radiation safety program
2. Provide guidance for the radiation safety program
3. Facilitate the ongoing operation of the radiation safety program

Answer 10

123

Question 11

For persons with hematopoietic syndrome, survival time shortens as the radiation dose

Answer 11

increases

Question 12

Genetic effects from exposure to ionizing radiation occur as a result of radiation-induced damage to the DNA molecule in which of the following?
1. Sperm of a man
2. Ova of a woman
3. Somatic cells of men and women

Answer 12

1 and 2

Question 13

The hematopoietic form of acute radiation syndrome is also called the

Answer 13

bone marrow syndrome.

Question 14

Radiation-induced abnormalities are caused by unrepaired damage to

Answer 14

c. DNA within ova or sperm

Question 15

Determine the cumulative effective dose (CumEfD) limit to the whole body of an occupationally exposed person who is 46 years old.

Answer 15

460 mSv

Question 16

A term that is synonymous with epilation is

Answer 16

alopecia

Question 17

Of the following late effects caused by exposure to ionizing radiation, which effect is considered to be most important?

Answer 17

Cancer

Question 18

A radiation safety officer in a health care facility must have sufficient authority, organizational freedom, and management prerogative to:
1. identify radiation safety problems.
2. initiate, recommend, or provide corrective action.
3. stop unsafe operations involving by-product material.
4. verify implementation of corrective actions.

Answer 18

1234

Question 19

Epidemiologic studies of atomic bomb survivors exposed in utero have provided conclusive evidence of a dose-dependent increase in the incidence of severe mental retardation for fetal doses greater than approximately:

Answer 19

0.4sv

Question 20

During the preimplantation stage of development, a radiation dose of 0.05 to 0.15 Gyt delivered to a human fertilized ovum will result in which of the following?

Answer 20

Embryonic death

Question 21

The term LD 50/30 signifies the whole-body dose of radiation that can be lethal to:

Answer 21

50% of the exposed population in 30 days.

Question 22

Occasional exposure for the purpose of education and training is permitted, provided that special care is taken to ensure that the annual effective dose limit of ____________ is not exceeded.

Answer 22

1 mSv

Question 23

Damage to the reproductive cells of male and female humans that is caused by irradiation of sperm and ova before conception is termed:

A. optimization.
b. spermaovagenesis.
c. teratogenesis.
D. mutagenesis.

Answer 23

mutagenesis

Question 24

Radiation dose-response curves can be used to predict the risk of ______________ in human populations that have been exposed to low levels of ionizing radiation.

Answer 24

malignancy

Question 25

Mutations in genes and DNA that occur at random as natural phenomena are called:

Answer 25

spontaneous mutations

Question 26

Which of the following groups of people exposed to ionizing radiation provide proof that low-level radiation exposure produces late effects?

a. 135,000 evacuees from the 1986 nuclear power plant accident at Chernobyl, Ukraine
b. Japanese atomic bomb survivors
c. Children of the Marshall Islanders who were inadvertently subjected to fallout during the atomic bomb test in 1954
. None of the above

Answer 26

None of the above

Question 27

The prodromal stage of acute radiation syndrome is also referred to as the:

Answer 27

. initial stage

Question 28

Atrophy refers to:

Answer 28

shrinkage of organs and tissues after a high radiation dose is received.

Question 29

Studies of Japanese atomic bomb survivors demonstrate that the incidence of leukemia has ______ since the late 1940s and early 1950s, and the incidence of solid tumors has continued to ______ since the late 1950s and early 1960s.

Answer 29

slowly declined, escalate

Question 30

Which of the following terms means “random in nature”?

Answer 30

Stochastic