Ch6 Flashcards
Protoplasm
Organic compound
Inorganic compound
Are all…
Cell chemical compound
- Chemical building material for all living things
- Carries on the complex process of metabolism, reception, and processing of food and oxygen and elimination of waste products.
- element carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
Protoplasm
Basic constituent of all organic matter
Carbon
- constitutes 15% of cell contents
- important for growth, construction of body tissue
- form amino acids combine into molecular complexes
Proteins
The number of amino acid
22
- control the cell various physiologic activities
- cause an increase in cellular activity
Enzymatic proteins
- provides the body snap and form
- provides source of heat and energy
Structural protein
- Makes up 1% of the cell
- functions as short term energy
- provides fuel and cell metabolism
- important to cell wall
Carbohydrates
- makes up 2% of the cell
- are organic macros
- structure parts of membrane
Lipids fat
- makes up of 1% of cell
- large complex macros
- made up of nucleotide
- contains DNA and RNA
Nucleic acid
- composed of two long sugar phosphate chains, twisted together in a double helix, linked by nitrogenous organic base at sugar molecule of the chain
- regulates cell activity to direct proteins synthesis
- vital for cell reproduction
Dna
- leaves the nucleus to the cytoplasm and directs the amino acid to make proteins
Mrna
Assist in linking of mRNA the ribosome to facilitate protein synthesis
Ribosomal rna
- receives genetic codes from mRNA
- combines amino acids from different area in the cell and attaches them to ribosomes
tRNA
- tiny rod shape bodies that appear to be thread like viable only in cell division
- made of protein and dna
- normal human as 46 pairs
- 23 reproductive chrom for each
Chromosomes
- segment of dna that serves as basic of hereditary
- responsible for directing cytoplasmic activity and controlling growth/ development of cells
Genes
Total amount of dna with a chromesome
- 2.9 billion base pairs
- base pairs arranged 30,000 chromosomes
Human genome
Compounds that don’t contain carbon
- important water and minerals salt
Inorganic compounds
Manipulation process one cell divides to form two or more
Cell division
A process in which the nucleus first divides followed by the division of the cytoplasm
- results in equal distribution of all cellular material between two daughter cell
Mitosis
Cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in each daughter cell to the half the number of chromosomes in the parent cell
Meiosis
Monozygotic
Identical, twins
Dizygotic
Fraternal twins
Polyzygotic siblings
More than two
