Ch4

Question 1

• Used in radiation protection to describe internal and external dose measurements
• quantity used describe radiation exposure of a population or group from low doses of different sources of ionizing radiation
• Person-sievert is the radiation unit for this quantity.

Answer 1

Collective EfD( effective dose )

Question 2

Useful for measuring dose for Nuclear Medicine Technologists.
- Annual Limits: 50mSv (0.05 Sv) for exposed personal
- 1 mSv (0.001 Sv) for the general public

Answer 2

total effective dose equivalent (TEDE)

Question 3

EqD= DxWr

• measuring biologic effects
• used for radiation protection:when a person received exposure from various types of ionizing radiation

Answer 3

Equivalent dose

Question 4

Dimensionless factor used for radiation protection purposes to account for differences in ionizing radiation

• place risks associated with biological effects on a common scale
• determining EqD

Answer 4

Radiation weight factor ( Wr)

Question 5

Radiation weight factor for x rays and gamma rays photons and electrons

Answer 5

1

Question 6

Radiation weight factor for protons

Answer 6

2

Question 7

Radiation weight factor for alpha particles

Answer 7

20

Question 8

Overall risk of exposure to human from ionizing
- incorporates both effect of the radiation used and the variability in radio sensitivity in organs
- D x Wr x Wt

Answer 8

Effective dose - EFD

Question 9

Value that denotes the percentage of the summed stochastic ( cancer plus genetic ) risk stemming from irradiation of tissue ( T) to all inclusive risk

• accounts for the risk to the entire organism

Answer 9

Tissue weight factor ( Wt)

Question 10

(damage to cells of the human body

Answer 10

Somatic Damage

Question 11

Coulombs per
kilogram (C/kg)
> Gray (Gy)
• Centigray (cGy)
• Milligray (mGy)
• Sievert (Sv)
> Millisievert (mSV)

Answer 11

Radiation units

Question 12

Exposure
> Air kerma
> Absorbed dose (D)
> Equivalent dose (EqD)
> Effective Dose (EfD)

Answer 12

Radiation quantities

Question 13

• the total electric charge of one sign,
  either all plus or all minus, per unit mass that x-ray and gamma ray photons with energies up to
  3 million electron volts (MeV) generated in dry air at standard temperature (22°C) and pressure (760 mm Hg or 1 atmosphere at sea level).

Answer 13

Exposure

Question 14

• The basic unit of electric charge
  > It is equal to the “amount of electrical charge moving
  past a point in a conductor in 1 second when an electric current amounting to 1 ampere is used.

Answer 14

Coulomb ( C/kg)

Question 15

• The SI unit of electric current
  • SI unit of measure for the radiation quantity, exposure, is equal to an electric charge of 1 produced in a kilogram of dry air by ionizing
  radiation.

Answer 15

Ampere

Question 16

-SI quantity used to express how energy is transferred from a beam of radiation to a material

• calculation of radiation intensity in air
• Quantity that can be used to express ×-ray tube output
  and inputs to image receptors

Answer 16

Air Kerma

Question 17

• Expressed in metric units of joule per
kilogram (J/kg)

• si unit : gray ( gy)

Coventional unit: RAD

Answer 17

Air kerma

Question 18

• sum total of air kerma over the exposed area of the patient’s surface, or the amount of radiant energy that has been thrust into a portion of the patients body surface
• units of mGy-cm

Answer 18

Dose Area Product (DAP)

Question 19

• quantity is the amount of energy per unit mass absorbed by an irradiated object.
• D (absorbed in tissue; not
  expression of biologic effect)
• conventional unit: RAD
• si unit: gray ( gy)

Answer 19

Absorb dose

Question 20

EqD (D x WR) (biologic effect)

• Conventional units: REM
• si unit: Sv ( sievert )

Answer 20

Equivalent dose (EqD)

Question 21

D (D xWR × W,) (biologic effect)

• conventional unit: REM
  Si unit : sievert (sv)

Answer 21

Effective dose EfD