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Radiology protection > Ch2 > Flashcards

Ch2 Flashcards

1
Q

Two largest source of artificial radiation

A

Radiography and Fluoroscopy
Computed Tomography (CT) procedures

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2
Q

Medical radiation annual EFD averages about

A

2.3 msv

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3
Q
  • Consumer products containing radioactive material
    > Air travel
    > Nuclear fuel for generation of power
    > Atmospheric fallout from nuclear weapons testing
    > Nuclear power plant accidents)
    > Nuclear power plant
A

Human made artificial radiation

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4
Q

Terrestrial radiation
internal radiation and
cosmic radiation
are all examples of

A

Natural radiation

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5
Q

(e.g., radon, thoron) 2.5 mSv (Radon
accounts for nearly all of the natural background radiation, a decay product of radium)

A

Terrestrial radiation

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6
Q

from radioactive atoms (also called
radionuclides

0.3 mSv

A

Internal radiation

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7
Q

(solar and galactic) 0.3 mSv
The global population is mostly shielded from this due to the
atmosphere and the earths magnetic field.

A

Cosmic radiation

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8
Q

(solar and galactic) 0.3 mSv
The global population is mostly shielded from this due to the
atmosphere and the earths magnetic field.

A

Cosmic radiation

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9
Q

If ionizing radiation from natural resources grows larger because of accidental or deliberate human actions such as mining radioactive elements,

A

Enhance natural sources

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10
Q

Approximately 50 to 55% of total annual radiation

A

Natural radiation

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11
Q

3.1 msv anually

A

 Natural radiation

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12
Q

Approximately 45 to 50% Of radiation annually

A

Human made artificial radiation

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13
Q

Annual does from human artificial made radiation is approximately

A

0.1 msv

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14
Q

Annual total dose for all medical human made a natural radiation is approximate

A

5.5 msv

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15
Q

Ionizing radiation primary cause

A

Biologic damages

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16
Q

Produced by ionizing radiation while penetrating body tissue primarily by ejecting electrons from atoms composed tissues

A

Biologic damage

17
Q

Results of destructive radiation interaction at atomic level 3 types

A

Molecule cellular organic

18
Q

the dose for all ( overall) types of ionizing radiation (e.g., alpha, beta,
gamma, ×-ray)

Measured in millisievert msv

A

Effective dose

19
Q

8000 times lighter than alpha particles and haveonly one unit of electric charge (-1
- penetrate matter yo a greater depth

Weaker particle

A

Beta ray

20
Q

Type of ionizing radiation that was absorbed

Measured in MSV

A

Equivalent dose EQD

21
Q

Amount of kinetic energy per unit Mass that has been absorbed in a material 

Measured in milligray MGY

A

Absorbed dose

22
Q

Same number of protons different number of neutrons

A

Isotope

23
Q

Combinations of Z protons And some neutron leads to unstable nucleus

A

Radioisotope

24
Q

Beta particles produced in a radiation oncology treatment machine

Used to treat breast tumors and skin lesions 

A

Linear accelerator

25
Q

Less than 2MEV

A

Beta particles

26
Q

Emitted from nuclei of very heavy elements such as uranium and plutonium during the process of
radioactive decay

-Have a large mass (approximately four times the mass of a hydrogen atom) and a positive charge twice that of an electron

A

Alpha particles 

27
Q

alpha particles, beta particles, neutrons, and protons All these are

  • possess sufficient kinetic energy to be capable of causing ionization by direct atomic collision.
    • No ionization occurs when the particles are at rest.
A

Subatomic particle

28
Q

Amount of energy transferred to electrons by ionizing radiation

A

Radiation dose

29
Q

(x-rays, gamma rays, and high-
energy ultraviolet radiation [energy higher than 10 eV can transfer sufficient energy to some orbital electrons to remove ther from the atoms to which they were
attached (the process of ionization, the foundation of
the interaction of x-rays with human tissue),

A

ionizing radiation

30
Q

(ultraviolet radiation [energy
less than 10 eVl, visible light, infrared rays,microwaves, and radio waves) does not have sufficient
kinetic energy to eject electrons from atoms.

A

Non-ionizing radiation

Radiology protection (15 decks)

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