Practicals

Question 1

what lung volumes does spirometry detirmine

Answer 1

tidal, inspiratory, expiratory reserve

Question 2

vital capacity + formula

Answer 2

amount of exchangeable air

tidal + IRV + ERV

Question 3

standing and breathing explanation

Answer 3

when standing, gravity shifts abdominal contents down, making it easier to contract and expand the lung cavity

Question 4

vitalograph

Answer 4

measures amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled

Question 5

FVC

Answer 5

max air expelled following max inspiration

Question 6

FEC

Answer 6

v of air expelled in the first second

Question 7

FVC/FEC rate for obstructive diseases

Answer 7

lower then 75%

Question 8

FVC/FEC rate for restricted diseases

Answer 8

greater then 75%

Question 9

flow- volume loop

Answer 9

measures airflow rate during forced expiration + inspiration using a spirometer

Question 10

forceful expiration occurs through:

Answer 10

muscular effect and elastic recoil of lungs

Question 11

Korotkoff sounds

Answer 11

sounds of blood flow becoming turbulent in Sphygmomanometers (blood pressure machine)

Question 12

When the pulse disappears, the pressure in the cuff is…

Answer 12

higher then systolic pressure

Question 13

auscultation

Answer 13

listening for Korotkoff sounds through the stethoscope

Question 14

The Korotkoff sounds are heard when…

Answer 14

the cuff pressure is between systolic and diastolic pressures, because blood flow is turbulent

Question 15

stroke volume is higher when

Answer 15

laying down

Question 16

Based on your understanding of the Frank-Starling law of the heart, what will happen when someone stands up from lying down

Answer 16

The venous return decreases, which reduces the stretch in the ventricle and decreases the next stroke volume

Question 17

if venous return and stroke volume decrease, the heart rate..

Answer 17

increases

Question 18

venous return

Answer 18

blood flow back to the heart

Question 19

increase pressure gradient will ____ veneous return

Answer 19

increase