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Biochem 2 > PPS > Flashcards

PPS Flashcards

exam 2

1
Q

Why is the PPS considered a shunt?

A

because it starts with a glycolytic intermediate and can end with the production of other glycolytic intermediates

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2
Q

Which is the glyloclytic that the PPS starts with?

A

Glucose-6-P

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3
Q

PPS has (2) important products

A

(1) ribose 5 phosphate

(2) NADPH

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4
Q

Why is Ribose 5- phosphate important?

A

it is needed for nucleotide synthesis

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5
Q

Why is NADPH important?

A

It is needed:

Synthesis:

  • fatty acid synthesis
  • cholesterol synthesis
  • neurotrasnmitter syntheis
  • nucleotide synthesis

Detoxification:

  • reduction of oxidized glutathione
  • cytochrome p450 monoxygenses
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6
Q

PPS has two stage

A
  1. Oxidation

2. Non-oxidation

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7
Q

in the second, non-oxidative phase pentoses are

A

interconverted

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8
Q

transketolase trasnfers 2 carbon units using

A

thiamine

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9
Q

the first commited step that is rate-limiting

A

Glucose 6- DH

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10
Q

Glucose 6- DH inducible by

A

insulin

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11
Q

Glucose 6- DH inhibited by

A

NADPH in allosteric feedback inhibition

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12
Q

Glucose 6- DH inhibited by

A

NADPH in allosteric feedback inhibition

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13
Q

coenzyme of G-6-DH

A

NADP+

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14
Q

NADPH is involved in

A

protection from oxidative damage

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15
Q 
Which is the most reactive oxygen species?

	A. Hydrogen peroxide
	B. Hydroxyl radical
	C. Hypochlorous Acid
	D. Oxygen
	E. Superoxide
A

B. Hydroxyl radical

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16
Q

Rxn. of O2 with iron can generate

A

superoxide

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17
Q

NADPH is a source of

A

superoxide

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18
Q

what is required ofr reduction of peroxides by peroxidase

A

glutathione

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19
Q

Glutathione

A

responsible for maintaining the intracellular environment in a reduced state so that disulfide bonds in proteins stay reduced

20
Q

Heinz bodies

A

G6PDG deficiency

21
Q

why do Heinz bodies form?

A

when RBC are exposed to an oxidizing chemical in vitro

22
Q

G6P DH uses ___ and creates _____

A

uses Mg2+ and created NADPH

23
Q

6-phosphogluconate DH uses ____ and created

A

uses Mg2+ and created NADPH

24
Q

used in biological reduction

A

NADP

25
Q

used in biological oxidations

A

NAD

26
Q

NADPH is used to create ________ and _____ which is important in smooth muscle contraction

A

to create saturated fats and to create NO

27
Q

interconversions are reversible or irreversible?

A

reversible

28
Q

creates Glycceraldehyde 3P and sedoheptulose 7P

A

transketolase

29
Q

creates Fructose-6- phosphate

A

transaldolase

30
Q

ultimately 3x pentose-phosphates gives

A
  • 1 triose-phosphate

- 2 hexose phosphate

31
Q

NADPH:Ribose

A

no interconversions

32
Q

Ribose>NADPH

A

only run non-oxidative for interconversions

33
Q

NADPH»Ribose

A

glycolytic intermediates are run backwards to feed into oxidative

34
Q

Glucose6 DH is inhibited by

A

NADPH

35
Q

Most damaging to least:

H202, radical OH, radical O2

A

radical OH> H2O2> radical O2

36
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

generation of free radicals can be good

A

true

37
Q

Hypochlorus acid is used by

A

immune cells to kill pathogens

38
Q

NADPH will generate ______ which is then used in killing bacteria

A

hydrogen peroxide

39
Q

chronic granulomatous dx.

A

deficiency in NADPH

40
Q

______ have been implicated in disease states

A

free radicals

41
Q

which vitamins are anti-oxidants?

A

vitamins A, C and E

42
Q

protection in free radicals:

superoxide Dismutase converts

A

superoxide to hydrogen peroxide

43
Q

protection in free radicals:

glutahione peroxidases reduces

A

hydrogen peroxide to water

44
Q

via GSSG reductase, oxidation of NADPH allows for the

A

reduction of glutathione

45
Q

what does deficiency in G6PD means?

A

no NADPH creation

46
Q

what is protective against malaria?

A

deficiency in G6PHD

47
Q

because RBCs can only complete Glycolysis and PPS they have limited forms of creating ____ and this puts them in danger of

A

creating NADPH and in danger for oxidative stress

Biochem 2 (14 decks)

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