Powered Scalers and Implant Care Flashcards
-Benefits the gingiva by removing biofilm & calculus deposits -Produces less operator wrist fatigue than hand scaling -Utilize rapidly vibrating, water-cooled tips to remove deposits from tooth surfaces and to debride periodontal pockets
Powered scalers
• Air driven (attached to unit handpiece hose) • Produces less heat than ultrasonic • 3,000-8,000 hertz (cycles per second)
Sonic scalers
What are the 2 types of ultrasonic scalers?
Piezoelectric
Magnetostrctive
- Operate at higher frequency than sonic scalers (20-50 kHz)
- Utilize a water lavage that deplaques/washes away debris in the periodontal pockets
- Cavitation occurs with these instruments causing bubbles to form and collapse thereby disrupting the cell walls of harmful bacteria resulting in lysis (cell death)
ULTRASONIC SCALERS
______ occurs with these instruments causing bubbles to form and collapse thereby disrupting the cell walls of harmful bacteria resulting in lysis (cell death)
Cavitation
• Operate at a frequency of 29 kHz-50 kHz
• Strokes occur in a linear pattern via crystals activated by the ceramic
handpiece
• Only the lateral sides are effective in the removal of plaque and calculus
• The most effective portion of the tip is the last 2.4mm
• Requires less water to control heat
• Can be used on patients with multiple health issues (i.e., Asthma, COPD,
pacemakers, etc.)
Piezoelectric
• Commonly used in Europe and Asia • Multiple area-specific tips can be utilized (must use a special wrench for putting tip on an off) • This ultrasonic can be used in endodontic treatment when utilizing the proper tips
Piezoelectric
• Are reactivated by dimensional changes in crystals housed within
the hand-piece as electricity passed over the surface of the crystals.
The resultant vibration produces tip movement that is primarily
linear in direction
Piezoelectric
• Commonly referred to as brand name “Cavitron” • Operates at a lower frequency than piezo (20-40 kHz) • Strokes occur in an elliptical pattern via stacks of metal sheets • Always requires water lavage due to production of heat • All aspects of tip are activated and therefore effective for biofilm and calculus removal (DO NOT use tip for calculus removal) • **Not to be used for patients with a pacemaker (unless shielded)
Magnetostrictive
• Using flat metal strips in a stack or a metal rod attached to a
scaling tip, electrical currents are supplied to a wire coil in the
hand-piece; a magnetic field is created around the stack or rod
transducer causing it to constrict. An alternating current then
produces an alternating magnetic field that causes the tip to
vibrate. Tip movement is elliptical
Magnetostrcitive
____ power setting for cavitron:
biofilm removal and light subgingival deposits
LOW:
____ power setting for cavitron:
general debridement of biofilm and calculus deposits
MEDIUM:
____ power setting for cavitron:
removal of heavy, tenacious calculus deposits
HIGH:
Do you want to use the tip of the cavitron on a tooth?
No
Can the tip of cavitron be used to lead into interproximal areas?
No
What mvmnt does piezoelectric use?
Lateral movements
What mvmnt does magnetostrictive use?
Elliptical
What mvmnt do sonic scalers use?
Circular
Use a ___ grasp and ____ pressure with cavitron
Light grasp; light pressure
What types of stroke is used with a cavitron?
Many different types (oblique, horizontal, and vertical)
Is cavitron alone enough to remove all calc and plaque?
No; must be used with hand scaling
What can occur on prosthetic crowns and restorations using ultrasonic scalers?
Scratch them
What can you do to get supra and sub g calc around prosthetic crowns?
Lower setting on cavitron
• A fixed-titanium post that is surgically placed into the maxilla or mandible in order to anchor prosthetic replacement of teeth in an edentulous space • Crown prosthesis can either be cement-retained or screw- retained • Dental implants act like natural teeth and are prone to periodontal disease, however, not caries
Dental implant
Do peri-implant tissues react to plaque like the PDL?
yes
T/F: In order to determine the health of a
dental implant, clinicians must utilize
periodontal assessment techniques such
as radiographs and probes
True
Peri-implant mucosal ______ is characterized by pink, firm, and well-adapted gingival
tissues
health
Peri-implant ______ is associated with clinical erythema, edema, and loss of tissue
tightness around the implant
disease
T/F: If inflammation is present, peri-implant tissue must be palpated for tenderness and
suppuration, probed, and new periapical radiographs must be obtained and compared
with baseline images to determine if attachment loss has occurred
true
Good oral hygiene habits must be stressed ______ implants are placed
BEFORE
