Etiology of Periodontal Disease - Universal Curettes

Question 1

• A chronic inflammatory disease affecting the periodontium
• Complex and multifactorial
• Initiated by a dysbiosis of biofilm (plaque) and modulated by the host response

Answer 1

Periodontal disease

Question 2

What is the primary etiological factor of periodontal disease?

Answer 2

Plaque in a susceptible host

Question 3

• Inflammatory response only affecting the gingiva
• Occurs as a results of biofilm (plaque) accumulation that is not removed
• Reversible
• Precedes periodontitis but does not always progress to periodontitis

Answer 3

GINGIVITIS

Question 4

• Follows gingivitis
• Not reversible
• Inflammatory process extends to affect the PDL and alveolar bone, resulting in clinical attachment loss (CAL)

Answer 4

PERIODONTITIS

Question 5

*periodontitis, although irreversible, can be brought to a state of stable periodontal health, however, on a _______ periodontium

Answer 5

reduced periodontium

Question 6

•Clinically healthy gingival tissues•Develops within 2-4 days of the accumulation of plaque

Answer 6

1. Initial Lesion

Question 7

•Early gingivitis that is clinically evident•Develops approximately 1 week of continued plaque accumulation

Answer 7

2. Early Lesion

Question 8

•Established chronic gingivitis•Progression to this stage dependent on many factors

Answer 8

3. Established Lesion

Question 9

•Transition from gingivitis to periodontitis•Progression to this stage dependent on many factors

Answer 9

4. Advanced Lesions

Question 10

Characterized by:
•Inflammation of gingival margins and interdental papilla, redness, bleeding on probing
•NO attachment loss

Answer 10

Gingivitis

Question 11

Characterized by:
•Bone loss
•Apical migration of the Junctional Epithelium

Answer 11

Periodontitis

Question 12

What are the 5 primary bacterium associated with periodontitis?

Answer 12

Aa
Pg
Pi
Tf
Td

Question 13

Are the bacteria in the sulci gram + or -?

Answer 13

Gram neg

Question 14

\_\_\_\_\_ factors in periodontal disease:
•Calculus
•Carious lesions
•Overhangs
•Malpositioned teeth
•Xerostomia•Furcations
•Food impaction
•Occlusal trauma
•Orthodontics
•Poor crown margins

Answer 14

Local

Question 15

\_\_\_\_\_ factors in periodontal disease:
•Medication
•Stress
•Diabetes
•Obesity
•Cardiovascular disease
•Immunocompromised
•Smoking
•Nutritional deficiencies
•Age
•Genetics

Answer 15

Systemic

Question 16

Pocket caused by hyperplasia; coronal movement of the gingival margin
•No apical migration of the junctional epithelium
•No bone loss

Answer 16

Gingival/Pseudo pocket

Question 17

____ pocket

Pocket caused by bone loss loss associated with apical migration of the junctional epithelium

Answer 17

Periodontal pocket

Question 18

______ pocket:

bottom of the pocket is coronal to the crest of the alveolar bone

Answer 18

Suprabony

Question 19

____ pocket:

bottom of pocket is apical to crest of the alveolar bone

Answer 19

Infrabony

Question 20

Pseudo pockets are always infra or suprabony?

Answer 20

Suprabony

Question 21

What are the 5 things needed for a perio diagnosis?

Answer 21

• Description of the clinical appearance of the soft tissues
• Probing depths
• Plaque and bleeding index
• Recession/ Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL)
• Radiographs

Question 22

2 cutting edges
Rounded toe
Face that is parallel to the floor when the shank is held at 12 o’clock position

Answer 22

Universal Curette