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Patient Care III > Anatomy of Periodontium > Flashcards

Anatomy of Periodontium Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 components of the periodontium?

A

Gingiva
Cementum
PDL
Alveolar bone

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2
Q

_____ is the most common cause of adult tooth loss

A

Periodontitis

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3
Q

The oral masticatory mucosa that surrounds the cervical portion of teeth and covers the alveolar process of the maxilla and mandible comprised of:
Marginal gingiva (unattached or free gingiva)
Attached gingiva
Alveolar mucosa
Mucogingival junction (MCJ)

A

Gingiva

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4
Q

Free or unattached, cufflike tissue surrounding the teeth on facial, lingual, and interproximal surfaces

  • MOst coronal portion of the gingiva
  • Scalloped outline of teeth
A

Marginal gingiva

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5
Q

Space formed by tooth and sulcular epithelium and the coronal end of the JE
Sulcular measurements of 1-3mm considered WNL of gingival health

A

Gingival sulcus

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6
Q

Divides free gingiva from attached gingiva

  • Shallow depression
  • Only found in 50% of patients
A

Free Gingival Groove

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7
Q
  • Occupies the interdental space (fills embrasure space apical to tooth contact)
  • Attached to the tooth by the JE and connective tissue fibers
A

INterdental papilla

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8
Q
  • Valley-like depression of the interproximal contact areas
  • Connects lingual and buccal interdental papilla
  • Absent when teeth are not in contact
  • Nonkeratinized epithelium susceptible to inflammation and disease progression
A

The Gingival Col

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9
Q
  • Nonkeratinized epithelium surrounding and attaching to the tooth on one side, and the gingival connective tissue on the other side
  • Base of the sulcus/pocket
  • more permeable to cells and fluid
  • Serves as route of passage of fluid and cells from the connective tissue into the sulcus for bacteria/bacterial products from sulcus to connective tissue
  • Easily penetrated by the periodontal probe, especially when gingiva is inflamed
  • Length: 0.25-1.35mm (remember approx. 1mm)
A

Junctional epithelium

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10
Q

provides support for marginal gingiva, including the interdental papilla; keep tissue as close to the tooth as possible

A

GINIGVAL FIBERS

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11
Q

–encircle each tooth in a cuff-like fashion within the free gingiva

A

Circumferential or circular fibers

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12
Q

–embedded within the cementum; fan outward into the attached gingiva to the tooth

A

Dentogingival fibers

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13
Q

–embedded in the same portion of the cementum as the dentogingival fibers

A

Dentoperiosteal fibers

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14
Q

–inserted in the crest of the alveolar process and splay out through lamina propria into the free gingiva

A

Alveogingival fibers

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15
Q

–embedded in the cementum; run a horizontal path from adjacent teeth

A

Transseptal fibers

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16
Q
  • Attached to the alveolar bone and cementum by connective tissue fibers and epithelial attachment
  • Boundaries are apically demarcated by the mucogingival junction (MGJ); coronally demarcated by the base of the gingival sulcus
  • Width varies from 1-9mm; widest in facial aspect of maxillary central incisors and narrowest in the mandibular premolar facial areas
  • NOT to be measured on the palate
  • Any changes in the width of attached gingiva results from changes at the coronal end (i.e., recession)
A

Attached gingiva

17
Q
  • Movable tissue, loosely attached to underlying alveolar bone
  • Thin, nonkeratinized epithelium
  • Separate from attached gingiva at the MGJ
  • Darker shade of red than gingiva due to rich blood supply
A

ALVEOLAR MUCOSA

18
Q
  • Visible line where the pink keratinized gingiva meets the more vascular alveolar mucosa (see arrows)
  • Found on the maxillary facial and the mandibular facial and lingual areas
A

Mucogingival junction

19
Q
  • Calcified connective tissue covering the roots of the teeth
  • Least mineralized of the calcified tissues of the tooth
  • function: to attach fibers of the PDL to the tooth (like cement)
  • No blood, lymph vessels of innervation noted
  • Continuously deposited in the apical area of the root throughout life
A

Cementum

20
Q

What are the 4 functions of the PDL?

A

Supportive
Formative
Nutritive
Sensory

21
Q

(functions of the PDL) anchors tooth to bone

A

Supportive:

22
Q

(functions of the PDL) helps maintain biologic activity of bone and cementum

A

Formative:

23
Q

(functions of the PDL) supplies nutrients and removes waste products via blood and lymph vessels

A

Nutritive:

24
Q

(functions of the PDL) capable of transmitting tactile pressure and pain sensations

A

Sensory:

25
Q

portion of PDL that insert into bone and cementum

A

•Sharpey’s fibers:

26
Q
  • Bone that forms and supports the alveoli (tooth sockets)
  • Consists of alveolar bone proper and supporting bone
  • Contour of the alveolar bone follows contour of the CEJ and arrangement of the dentition
  • Shape of the alveolar crest is generally parallel to the CEJ of adjacent teeth; approximately 1.5-2mm apical to the CEJ
  • Cortical plates are usually thicker in the mandible than in the maxilla
A

Alveolar bone

27
Q

Does the max or mand arch have thicker cortical plates?

A

Mand

28
Q
  • Thin layer of bone that surrounds the root and gives attachment to the PDL
  • Termed lamina dura in radiographic images
  • Also termed cribiform plate
A

Alveolar Bone Proper

29
Q
  • Portion of alveolar process that surrounds the alveolar bone proper and gives support to the sockets
  • Compact (cortical)
  • Cancellous or trabecular (spongy) bone
A

Supportive Alveolar Bone

Patient Care III (12 decks)

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