POULTRY PT 1 Flashcards

1
Q

how have chicken sizes changed in the last 50 years

A

they’ve quadrupled

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2
Q

how much corn is used for broiler and breeder feed/ year (recorded in 2019)

A

more than 1.2 billion bushels

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3
Q

how much soybean is used for broiler and breeder feed/year (r in 2019)

A

more than 500 million bushels

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4
Q

how is poultry classified

A

according to age and sex, varies by species

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5
Q

differentiate between chicken raised for meet called broilers/fryers and roasters

A

broilers/fryers = slaughtered at young age; can be cooked using any method
roasters = older and larger than broilers/fryers

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6
Q

what happens to chickens as they age

A

meat gets tougher from muscle fibers

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7
Q

describe fryer-roaster Turkeys

A

very young/small; seldom sold on market

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8
Q

describe young hen + young tom turkeys

A

larger than fryer-roaster (8-24 lbs); more often sold

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9
Q

what are some other kinds of poultry

A

ducks, geese, guinea fowl, squab, quail, pheasant

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10
Q

describe the composition of poultry

A

muscle, water, connective tissue, adipose (fatty) tissue, bone

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11
Q

how is poultry muscle different from meat muscle

A

have higher ratio of myofibrils to sarcoplasm, which causes rapid contractions and muscles that tire quickly

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12
Q

what do muscles that are used more frequently require

A

more myoglobin/more oxygen

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13
Q

where is the dark and white meat on chickens and turkeys

A

thighs/drumsticks are used the most so they’re dark and breast muscle used the least so less myoglobin and whiter color

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14
Q

describe breast meat of wild birds, like ducks

A

darker breast meat because they use muscles for flying

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15
Q

whats the 1968 wholesome poultry product act

A

made inspection of poultry shipped across state lines mandatory

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16
Q

what does the USDA inspect for

A

wholesomeness and sanitation, before and after slaughtering and at processing plant and stamped with USDA inspection mark if passed

17
Q

describe grading

A

uniform standard of quality; promote uniformity and assurance; voluntary serviced paid for by poultry producers; checks for absence of defects, like feathers or bruising

18
Q

what are the three grades for poultry

19
Q

what are the four pieces of criteria for poultry

A

shape of carcass, amount of meat on bird, amount/distribution of fat, freedom from blemishes

20
Q

what are the five types of poultry

A

fresh, frozen, cooked, canned, dehydrated

21
Q

whats live poultry

A

live (rarely purchased by consumers)

22
Q

whats dressed poultry

A

dressed (only blood, feathers and car removed)

23
Q

whats ready-to-cook poultry

A

free of blood, feathers, craw/crop, head, feet, entrails (internal organs)

24
Q

whats poultry in the convenience category

A

poultry that has been cut into smaller pieces (halves, breasts, wings, thighs, etc)

25
which category of poultry has the most salmonella
salmonella not 0 tolerance, so convienvce poultry may have it
26
describe processed poultry
used in canned or dried soups, frozen dinners, pot pies, sausages, hot dogs, burgers, etc
27
how are poultry processing meat products made
by mixing various quantities of animal fat with the muscle poultry meat and the poultry body parts which are further processed and packed
28
when is processed poultry fried/cooked
right before consumption
29
what kinds of products are processed poulltry
sausages, patties, kebabs, others
30
are there any food safety issues associated with bread poultry products
government said because 200 ppl in the US got sick per year because of salmonella; no tolerance for it