DRINKS PT 3

Question 1

whats the tea plant

Answer 1

camellia sinensis

Question 2

what are the major producers of tea plant

Answer 2

china, india, sri lanka, indoensia (country of origin and climate influence flavor)

Question 3

whats even more important than country origin and climate

Answer 3

processing

Question 4

what are the four steps of processing

Answer 4

withering, rolling, oxidizing/fermenting, fixing

Question 5

what happens to leaves during withering

Answer 5

spread out and exposed to warm air for 6-18 hours to reduce moisture contennt

Question 6

what happens during rolling

Answer 6

mechanically disrupts cell structure to allow oxidation to occur

Question 7

what happens during oxidizing/fermentinng

Answer 7

leaves become darker via enzymes

Question 8

what happens during fixing

Answer 8

dries leaves, stops oxidation - inactivates enzymes

Question 9

whats green tea

Answer 9

leaves not oxidized

Question 10

whats oolong tea

Answer 10

leaves partially oxidized

Question 11

whats black tea

Answer 11

leaves fully oxidized

Question 12

what are white teas

Answer 12

from tip buds of special plant produced inn one province of china

Question 13

what are herbal “teas”

Answer 13

derived from plants other than Camilla sinensis

Question 14

how many compounds in black tea

Answer 14

over 300

Question 15

what does polyphennolic compounds concentration depend on

Answer 15

type of tea

Question 16

what are polyphenolic compound responsible for

Answer 16

flavor and astringency, and health benefits like antioxidants

Question 17

what do tannins contribute

Answer 17

reddish-brown color

Question 18

does tea contain methyllxanthines, like caffeine and threobronmine

Answer 18

yes in smaller amounts than coffee

Question 19

what are the three major categories of alcohol

Answer 19

beer (fermented grains), wine (fermented fruits), spirits (fermented grains or fruit)

Question 20

whats the three steps of alcohol productionn

Answer 20

glucose broke into pyruvate, which is fermented into ethanol with is absorbed in blood stream

Question 21

what are the five steps of beer production

Answer 21

malting, brewing, fermenting, lagering, filtering/pasteurizing

Question 22

whats malting the conversion of

Answer 22

grain (usually barley) into malt

Question 23

how is barley converted to malt

Answer 23

soaked in water and left to germinate, which activates amalysae to degrade starch

Question 24

why do we need to degrade starch

Answer 24

because it cannot be utilized by yeast until first converted to sample sugars

Question 25

what happens when barley is dried to stop germination

Answer 25

truly "malted" which provides color and flavor

Question 26

what happens after drying of barley

Answer 26

many is crushed (milled) to separate seed from husk

Question 27

whats wort

Answer 27

created by mixing malted barley with water and heating, which activate enzymes and converts nonn-fermenntable starches to simple sugars (maltose mainly)

Question 28

what happens after wort is created by mixing barley with water and heating

Answer 28

it activate enzymes and converts nonn-fermenntable starches to simple sugars (maltose mainly)

Question 29

whats wort rich in

Answer 29

sugars capable of being fermented

Question 30

whats added to the wort during brewing

Answer 30

hops (dried fruit of cumulus lupus), and mixture boiled

Question 31

what do hops contribute

Answer 31

essential oils, bitter compounds, tannins (give color and astringency)

Question 32

what does boiling do to wort

Answer 32

concentrates and sanitizes it, inactivities enzymes, caramelizes sugars and precipitates proteins (mixture is then cooled and clarified)

Question 33

whats fermenting

Answer 33

yeast converts sugar into alcohol and CO2

Question 34

whats attennutaion

Answer 34

the degrees to which sugar turns into alcohol; lower attenuation = sweeter and higher = dry

Question 35

what is temp lowered to and why

Answer 35

rapidly lowered to 32 F to stop fermentation

Question 36

what happens to beer during lagering

Answer 36

stored in tanks for weeks to months to develop flavor and body and allow particles to settle

Question 37

what happens to degraded proteins during lagering

Answer 37

can cause haze and are filtered out

Question 38

what do filtering and pasteurizing do

Answer 38

cold filtering removes yeast and pasteurizing kills the yeast

Question 39

why do we filter or pasteurize

Answer 39

dont want yeast to start fermenting again when beer is at room temp; heat can cause off flavors