DRINKS PT 2 Flashcards
whats coffee
primarily water with added components extracted from the beans during brewinng
what are the two coffee plants that account for 99% of commercial coffee crop
coffea arabica (arabica) and coffea robusta (robusta)
what do flavor and quality of coffee depend on
region in which plant was grown
what do coffee plants generate
many flowers that yield a fruit, which contains two seeds (coffee beans)
what are coffee beans enclosed in
tough hull that needs removal
what are the two methods to remove tough hull
dry methods (beans sun-dried) and wet methods (beans washed then machine hulled)
what does roasting do to coffee
develops flavor, aroma and appearance because of many chemical and physical changes (goes from brown to green)
what does roasting time determine
classification of light roast, dark roast, medium roast (dark roast for longest time)
what happens to beans after roasting
grinding, which increases surface area
what does grinding allow for
extraction of more compounds that will contribute to flavor, aroma, appearance
whats decaffeuned coffee
caffeine extracted from beans using polar solvent; 10-20% US coffee decaf
what are the aroma, taste, and stimulating qualities derived from
volatile substances and bitter substances
what are volatile substances
roasting creates many; gives coffee the smell
what are bitter subatnces
organic acids (cholorgenic acid) and pholyphenolic compounds (caffeine)
what are methylxanthines
class of substances that stimulate the CS
what are the methylxanthines in coffee
caffeine and theobromine
what doe methylxannthines do to body
may increase alertness, enhance exercise performance, increase heart rate, increase metabolism
what are the three things that the type of coffee depends on
variety of bean/blend; how beans have been processed; added ingredients
describe arabica and robusta sensory qualty
arabica sensory > robusta
what does blending coffee varieties help with
best traits of each beans to be expressed and complemented
whats sumatran, java coffee good for
richness, body
whats veenzualan coffee good for
sweetness
whats Costa Rica coffee good for
acidity
what are the five types of processing coffee
ground, instant, decaff, espresso, cold brew
what happens if ground coffee is too fine or too course
too fine - bitter, too course - weak/flavorless
describe decay coffee
sometimes very different from normal coffee, sometimes not very different
describe espresso coffee
high pressure steam used to force water through ground coffee; very dark and strong
describe cold brew coffee
coffee extracted in cold or room temp water, 12+ hours, select solubilization of compounds, less bitter substances (acids, caffeine)
does ground coffee deteriorate faster than whole beans
yes
what is coffee sold in and what maximizes freshnness
coffee sold in vacuum-packed containers; grinding daily maximizes freshness
what does minor fat content do to beans
susceptible to rancidity, so minimize exposure to air or moisture
how long can you store coffee beans in freezer
several months
