Poultry Husbandry (Po 1-3)

Question 1

this is the most popular source of animal protein globally

Answer 1

poultry

Question 2

4 main species of domesticated poultry farmed for meat and or eggs

Answer 2

chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys

Question 3

approximately how many kg of broiler poultry meat was consumed per person globally in 2018

Answer 3

15.6 kg

Question 4

USA per capita poultry meat consumption per head

Answer 4

50kg per head

Question 5

this country is the largest producer of poultry meat

Answer 5

USA

Question 6

this type of poultry meat is not popular in North American market and is therefore the majority of USA export, mainly to China

Answer 6

dark meat from the legs

Question 7

this is the second most popular poultry meat

Answer 7

turkey

Question 8

this is the key advantage of poultry over other common livestock systems

Answer 8

ability to replace stock on regular basis after cleaning/disinfecting buildings

Question 9

commercial layers in the UK are mostly this, produced as day old chicks from hatcheries

Answer 9

brown hens

Question 10

this allows day old chicks to be transported for 24 hours without supplying feed or water

Answer 10

presence of yolk sacs within

Question 11

these are 2 behavioural characteristics that cause problems in free range and barn management systems

Answer 11

pecking each other and smothering

Question 12

chickens are stimulated by an increase in day length to enter the egg laying phase at this age

Answer 12

16 weeks

Question 13

hens will typically produce eggs in this age range

Answer 13

18-72 weeks

Question 14

peak egg production will be at this age range

Answer 14

24-50 weeks

Question 15

a hen will averagely produce this many eggs per bird by 72 weeks of age

Answer 15

320

Question 16

mortality should be less than this percent between 16-72 weeks for layers

Answer 16

4%

Question 17

to brood chicks successfully, the temperature must start at this; then gradually reduced by 2 degrees per week down to this temperature

Answer 17

33 C, 21 C

Question 18

once in production, the day length for layers is maintained at this

Answer 18

14 hours

Question 19

day length is maintained at this while rearing chicks

Answer 19

10 hours

Question 20

this type of egg production system is small colonies of 20-60 birds, with perching and nesting areas, and a scratching area with feeders and nipple drinkers within the cage

Answer 20

enriched cages

Question 21

this type of egg production system there is usually a central area with the “system” of perches, nest boxes, feeders, and nipple drinkers and an extensive floor area covered in litter

Answer 21

barn system

Question 22

this type of egg production system is similar to barn but birds also have access to outside via ‘pop holes’ that are open during the day

Answer 22

free range

Question 23

this type of egg production system is similar to free range but with further constraints on feed supply and stocking density

Answer 23

organic

Question 24

most egg producers in the UK are part of this scheme which sets down detailed standards for bird management which are then audited by inspectors

Answer 24

Lion Code Scheme

Question 25

this is the major difference between turkeys and other commercial poultry

Answer 25

routine use of AI to inseminate female breeders

Question 26

3 primary reasons ducks are kept for meat

Answer 26

1. rapid growth
2. hardiness
3. ease of handling

Question 27

this is the most popular breed of duck used for meat due to its rapid growth and good egg production

Answer 27

Pekin

Question 28

when handling ducks, they should be picked by this body part

Answer 28

the neck (legs are easily broken)

Question 29

duck eggs require this many days to hatch

Answer 29

28 days

Question 30

this is a condition in ducks that is commonly caused by a temporary shortage of drinking water - if the birds feed before the water is replenished, death usually follows

Answer 30

staggers

Question 31

these are habits that frequently give trouble in larger duck flocks; it is usually caused by crowding too many ducks into too small an area

Answer 31

feather eating or quill pulling

Question 32

these are the 2 main species of game birds

Answer 32

pheasants and partridge

Question 33

broiler chickens have a life of about this long

Answer 33

30-45 days

Question 34

most chicken meat is the product of a large this which runs the entire production system from the breeding stock, hatcheries and feed mills to the final processing of the chicken meat

Answer 34

integration

Question 35

the 3 major broiler breeder breeding companies in the world

Answer 35

Aviagen, Cobb, Hubbard

Question 36

these are the ‘birds that lay the eggs that become the chickens you eat’

Answer 36

broiler breeders

Question 37

most issues in management of broiler breeders are consequential of errors in this

Answer 37

feed restriction

Question 38

the stimulus for egg production in broiler breeders is a day length more than this

Answer 38

12 hours

Question 39

most broiler breeder flocks will produce eggs until this age, then be slaughtered and replaced

Answer 39

60 weeks

Question 40

eggs are incubated for this long

Answer 40

21 days

Question 41

3this is where the eggs that have not hatched are opened and assessed to identify if the eggs were infertile, early dead, mid dead, or late dead to give an indication as to where problems may lie on the farm or in the hatchery

Answer 41

break-outs