Posture and Gait

Question 1

What is involved in the stance phase?

Answer 1

heel strike, loading response, mid-stance to pre-swing

Question 2

What is the goal of the swing phase?

Answer 2

clear foot, advances lower extremity, prepares lower extremity for loading

Question 3

wide base, irregular steps, lack of balance/proprioception, due to alcohol intoxication or damage to balance centers of brain/spinal cord

Answer 3

ataxic gait

Question 4

is ataxic gait unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 4

bilateral

Question 5

is ataxic gait caused from a neurologic etiology or a musculoskeletal etiology

Answer 5

neurologic

Question 6

patient will drag/pull limbs that are stuck in spasm (arm is flexed or leg is extended) due to damage to motor control of brain; common with strokes

Answer 6

hemiparesis: loss of function

Question 7

is hemiparesis unilateral or bilateral

Answer 7

unilateral

Question 8

leg muscles are stiff due to spasm with knees pointed inward, legs and foot commonly crosses midline, due to damage at motor part of spinal cord

Answer 8

scissor gait

Question 9

is scissor gait unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 9

bilateral

Question 10

does hemiparesis have a neurologic etiology or musculoskeletal etiology?

Answer 10

neurologic

Question 11

“hiking”= bending at hip/knee to raise leg higher; due to weakness in a specific nerve causing inability to raise the foot

Answer 11

steppage gait or foot drop

Question 12

is steppage gait unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 12

unilateral

Question 13

is steppage gait a neurologic etiology or musculoskeletal etiology?

Answer 13

neurologic

Question 14

stiff and stooped over with tremors, short shuffling gait that speeds up involuntarily (fenstrating); due to damage muscle tone/ movement initiation center of brain

Answer 14

parkinsonian gait

Question 15

is parkinsonian gait unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 15

bilateral

Question 16

is parkinsonian gait neurologic or musculoskeletal etiology?

Answer 16

neurologic

Question 17

duck like waddle, trunk shifts toward stance leg, hip drops on swing leg, due to trunk and leg muscular weakness/pathology

Answer 17

waddling gait; trendelenburg gait

Question 18

is waddling gait/ trendelenburg gait unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 18

bilateral

Question 19

is waddling gait/ trendelenburg gait a neurologic or musculoskeletal etiology?

Answer 19

musculoskeletal etiology

Question 20

shortened gait to prevent placing weight on leg, decrease stance phase on effected limb, due to pain in lower extremity, concern for trauma, joint damage, or joint inflammation

Answer 20

antalgic gait

Question 21

is antalgic gait unilateral or bilateral

Answer 21

unilateral

Question 22

is antalgic gait a musculoskeletal or neurologic etiology?

Answer 22

musculoskeletal