General Assessment and Introduction to Instruments

Question 1

What are the four vital signs?

Answer 1

blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, temperature

Question 2

what do you use the bell of a stethoscope for?

Answer 2

for low pitched sounds (burits)

Question 3

what do you use the diaphragm of a stethoscope for?

Answer 3

high pitched sounds (breath sounds and heart tones)

Question 4

How should the ear pieces face while in the external auditory meatus?

Answer 4

forward

Question 5

Reading blood pressure by what is considered the gold standard by the heart, lung, and blood institute of the NIH

Answer 5

auscultation

Question 6

What artery do you palpate when taking blood pressure?

Answer 6

brachial

Question 7

the length of the cuff’s bladder should be at least equal to?

Answer 7

80% of the circumference of the upper arm

Question 8

The width of the cuff’s bladder should be at least equal to?

Answer 8

40% of the length of the upper arm

Question 9

what is the first knocking sound referred to as?

Answer 9

korotkoff

Question 10

what is the first knocking sound?

Answer 10

the patient’s systolic pressure

Question 11

When the knocking sound disappears?

Answer 11

diastolic pressure

Question 12

a falsely high BP could mean what?

Answer 12

the brachial artery was below the heart, the cuff was too small, the cuff was too large on a large arm

Question 13

a falsely low BP could mean what?

Answer 13

brachial artery was above the heart, the cuff was too large on a small arm

Question 14

what is the period of diminished or absent Korotkoff sounds during the manual measurement of blood pressure?

Answer 14

Ausculatory gap

Question 15

What is a normal grading of pulse?

Answer 15

2+ (brisk, expected, normal)

Question 16

2 types of flat lesions

Answer 16

macule or patch

Question 17

4 types of raised lesions

Answer 17

papule, plaque, vesicle, bulla

Question 18

lesion is flat and less than 1 cm

Answer 18

macule

Question 19

lesion is flat and greater than 1 cm

Answer 19

patch

Question 20

lesion is raised, less than 1 cm, and not fluid filled

Answer 20

papule

Question 21

lesion is raised, greater than 1 cm, but not fluid filled

Answer 21

plaque

Question 22

lesion is raised, less than 1 cm, and filled with fluid

Answer 22

vesicle

Question 23

lesion is raised, greater than 1 cm and fluid filled

Answer 23

bulla

Question 24

excess hair distribution

Answer 24

hirsutism

Question 25

male secondary sex characteristics in a female

Answer 25

virilization

Question 26

tool used to visualize inner aspect of eye

Answer 26

ophthalmoscope

Question 27

when is the small light used?

Answer 27

when the pupil is very constricted

Question 28

when is the large light used?

Answer 28

is using mydriatic eye drops

Question 29

when is the medium sized light used?

Answer 29

most commonly in a dark, non-dilated pupil

Question 30

if the pupil is partially obstructed by a lens with cataracts what can be used to pass light through only the clear portion of the pupil to avoid light reflecting back?

Answer 30

the half light

Question 31

used to visualize the vessels and hemorrhages in better detail by improving contrast

Answer 31

red free

Question 32

used to examine contour abnormalities of the cornea, lens, and retina

Answer 32

slit beam

Question 33

used to observe corneal abrasions and ulcers after fluorescein staining?

Answer 33

blue light

Question 34

used to make rough approximations of relative distance between retinal lesions

Answer 34

grid

Question 35

how should you pull the outer ear when checking the ear of a child or adult?

Answer 35

up and back

Question 36

in a child less than 12 months, how should you pull the ear?

Answer 36

down and back

Question 37

What are the two neurologic tests performed by a tuning fork?

Answer 37

gross hearing for cranial nerve and vibration sense