Approach to the Eye Complaint

Question 1

if xanthelasma is present on a patient’s eyelids, what should you check?

Answer 1

the cholesterol levels

Question 2

what is proptosis?

Answer 2

bulging of the eyes

Question 3

what is the diagnosis when the eye lids invert?

Answer 3

entropion

Question 4

what is the diagnosis when the eye lids evert?

Answer 4

ectropion

Question 5

what are the five causes of ptosis?

Answer 5

congenital, mechanical, dehiscence of the aponeurosis, neurologic, myogenic

Question 6

How can you tell apart a chalzion and a hordeolum?

Answer 6

a chalzion is in the lid and a hordeolum is along the lash line

Question 7

Which is typically painful, a chalazion or a hordeolum?

Answer 7

a hordeolum

Question 8

what is blepharitis?

Answer 8

inflammation at the eyelid margin, resulting in eye irritation

Question 9

what is the most common cause of blepharitis?

Answer 9

bacterial cause (s. aureus)

Question 10

what inflammatory skin condition causes blepharitis?

Answer 10

seborrheic dermatitis

Question 11

if a patient comes in with flakiness, redness, and irritation at the eyelid margin and they have a history of seborrheic dermatitis, what is the most likely diagnosis?

Answer 11

blepharitis

Question 12

what is dacrostenosis?

Answer 12

a narrowing of the nasolacrimal duct

Question 13

what is dacrocystitis?

Answer 13

infections of the lacrimal duct

Question 14

an erythematous conjunctiva might suggest what?

Answer 14

a subconjunctival hemorrhage

Question 15

purulence from the conjunctiva might suggest what?

Answer 15

“pink eye” conjunctivitis

Question 16

what is a pterygium?

Answer 16

tissue growth on the conjunctiva

Question 17

what are the three causes of conjunctivitis?

Answer 17

allergic, viral, and bacterial

Question 18

which type of conjunctivitis is most severe and has a copious amount of purulent drainage throughout the entire day?

Answer 18

bacterial

Question 19

what would you suspect if the cornea was a brown tint?

Answer 19

a hyphema- blood in the anterior chamber

Question 20

what type of stain is used to identify corneal abrasions?

Answer 20

fluorescein

Question 21

what is the leading cause of blindness worldwide?

Answer 21

herpes simplex keratitis

Question 22

what is the whitish linear (lipid deposition) encircling the colored iris?

Answer 22

arcus senilis

Question 23

what is the result of an acute angle closure glaucoma?

Answer 23

sudden increase in intraocular pressure

Question 24

What is the classical presentation of an acute angle closure glaucoma?

Answer 24

acute, severe pain associated with decreased vision. the pupil will be fixed and dilated

Question 25

what is a yellow sclerae referred to as?

Answer 25

icterus

Question 26

what could be the cause of icterus?

Answer 26

liver disease, pancreatic cancer, GB disease

Question 27

how do you name a tropia?

Answer 27

based on where it likes to live

Question 28

what would you diagnose an eye turned in as?

Answer 28

esotropia

Question 29

what would diagnose an eye turned out as?

Answer 29

exotropia

Question 30

what do irregular “swollen” borders of the optic disc suggest?

Answer 30

papilledema

Question 31

what does disc cupping suggest?

Answer 31

glaucoma

Question 32

what does papilledema indicate?

Answer 32

increased intracranial pressure

Question 33

what is smaller, arterioles or venules?

Answer 33

arterioles

Question 34

if you see a patient with cotton wool spots, what should you suspect?

Answer 34

diabetes

Question 35

what are drusen bodies associated with?

Answer 35

macular degeneration

Question 36

what is an initial warning sign of retinal detachment?

Answer 36

posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) ( transient flashes of light)

Question 37

what is the classical/ominous

Answer 37

a curtain over a portion of the visual field