Approach to Cervical Spine Complaint Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most common cause of traumatic neck pain?

A

myofascial injury

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2
Q

what are two examples of myofascial neck pain injuries?

A

whiplash or muscle strain

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3
Q

you must keep a patient with SCIWORA immobilized until when?

A

MRI and evaluation/consultation with a neurosurgeon

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4
Q

what demographic is a SCIWORA more common?

A

kids and elderly

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5
Q

what is the vast majority of atraumatic neck pain caused from?

A

musculoskeletal

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6
Q

what are the neurologic causes of atraumatic neck pain?

A

radiculopathy and myelopathy

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7
Q

what are some (4) life threatening causes of torticollis?

A

retropharyngeal abscess, C-spine injury, CNS tumor, spinal epidural hematoma

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8
Q

what is spondylosis?

A

degenerative changes in the spine

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9
Q

what is the most common cause of acute and chronic neck pain in adults?

A

spondylosis

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10
Q

what is cervical myelopathy?

A

any neurologic deficit related to the spinal cord

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11
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of a cervical myelopathy?

A

bilateral or distal symptoms (weakness/numbness)

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12
Q

what is cervical radiculopathy?

A

any neurologic deficit occurring at or near the nerve root

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13
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of cervical radiculopathy?

A

sharp, burning, pain radiating to the trapezius and down the arm

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14
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of meningitis?

A

fever, malaise, headache, rash

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15
Q

what are the specialty tests positive for meningitis?

A

nuchal rigidity, Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s

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16
Q

what are the causes of meningitis?

A

Bacterial: hemophilus, strep, pneumonia, neiserria menigitidis (gram negative dipplococci)

17
Q

how is meningitis diagnosed?

A

lumbar puncture

18
Q

what is the thoracic outlet?

A

it is a confined space between the clavicle and first rib

19
Q

what structures pass through the thoracic outlet?

A

nerves of the brachial plexus, the subclavian artery, and the subclavian vein

20
Q

what is thoracic outlet syndrome?

A

compression of the neurovascular bundle just above the first rib and behind the clavicle

21
Q

what are the symptoms of the thoracic outlet?

A

arm pain, numbness, and weakness

22
Q

when does a patient with neck pain not require imaging?

A

if the neck pain is atraumatic and there are no red flags

23
Q

what is the clinical significance of anterior neck pain?

A

it is suggestive of a non-spinal cause (angina pectoris)

24
Q

when is it acceptable to check ROM on patients with traumatic neck pain?

A

if they have been cleared radiographically or by clinically by the Nexus criteria

25
Q

what tests are used to test for cervical radiculopathy?

A

spurling’s test and manual distraction test

26
Q

what tests are used for meningeal irritation?

A

kernig’s sign and brudzinski’s sign

27
Q

what test is used for thoracic outlet syndrome?

A

roo’s or east test

28
Q

what are the contraindications of HVLA in the cervical region?

A

if the patient has RA, down’s syndrome

29
Q

what is weak in patients with RA or down’s syndrome?

A

the odontoid ligament