posterior mediastinum Flashcards
what side of the vertebral column is the Azygos vein on?
the right side of the vertebral column
what is the name of the vein that drains the thoracic wall to the left of the vertebral column?
the Hemi-azygos
at what vertebral level does the posterior mediastinum end?
T12
at what level does the thoracic aorta begin?
at T4/5 (angle of louis) or second costal cartilage
where does the thoracic aorta end?
at the AORTIC HIATUS (T12)
how many posterior intercostal arteries arise from the thoracic aorta?
9
how many bronchial arteries usually arise from the thoracic aorta to supply the right lung?
1 (from the posterior intercostal artery)
how many bronchial arteries usually arise from the the left to supply the left lung?
2
where does the oesophagus begin as a continuation of the pharynx?
at C6
how long is the oesophagus?
25cm
the oesophagus then swings forward to pass anterior to the aorta, at which level does this happen?
T10
what type of muscle is the upper third of the oesophagus?
striated and voluntary
what type of muscle is the middle third of the oesophagus?
mixed
what type of muscle is the lower third of the oesophagus?
smooth muscle
what type of epithelial cells is the oesophagus composed of?
stratified squamous epithelium