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Blood Cells > structure of ANS 1 > Flashcards

structure of ANS 1 Flashcards

1
Q

where do preganglionic sympathetic neurons originate?

A

the thoracocolumbar region of the spinal cord

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2
Q

where do preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system originate?

A

craniosacral region of spinal cord (usually brainstem)

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3
Q

where do postganglionic sympathetic neurons come from?

A

IN GANGLIA which come from the paravertebral chain or the pre vertebral chain

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4
Q

where do postganglionic parasympathetic neurons come from?

A

FROM Ganglia which originate in or near the target organ

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5
Q

which autonomic nervous system has short preganglionic fibres and long postganglionic fibres?

A

sympathetic

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6
Q

which autonomic nervous system has long preganglionic fibres and short post ganglionic fibres?

A

parasympathetic

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7
Q

what route do preganglionic SYMPATHETIC neurones take from the CNS to reach structures in the head (e.g. dilator muscle of iris)

A

leave the CNS, travel up in the parasympathetic chain and synapse on a higher up ganglia.

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8
Q

what route do preganglionic SYMPATHETIC neurones take from the CNS to reach structures in the body wall (e.g. sweat glands etc)

A

leave the CNS and synapses on a postganglionic neurone at a ganglia at the same level

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9
Q

what route do preganglionic SYMPATHETIC neurones take from the CNS to reach structures of the lower limb?

A

leaves the CNS, travels down in the paravertebral chain and synapses on a ganglia further down

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10
Q

what route do preganglionic SYMPATHETIC neurones take from the CNS to reach viscera of abdominopelvic cavity (e.g. stomach and intestines)

A

leave the CNS, synapse in pre vertebral chain.

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11
Q

which sympathetic pre vertebral ganglia supplies the liver, spleen, stomach, small intestine, proximal colon, kidneys?

A

the celiac ganglion

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12
Q

which sympathetic pre vertebral ganglia supplies the distal colon?

A

superior mesenteric ganglion

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13
Q

which sympathetic pre vertebral ganglia supplies the rectum, urinary bladder and genitalia?

A

inferior mesenteric ganglion

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14
Q

what is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on the heart?

A

decreases heart rate (RATE ONLY)

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15
Q

wha is the effect of the sympathetic Nervous system on the heart?

A

increases it (increases heart RATE and force of contraction too)

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16
Q

what is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on the digestive tract?

A

increases motility and secretion

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17
Q

what is the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the digestive system?

A

decreases motility and secretion

18
Q

what is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on the lungs?

A

bronchoconstriction

19
Q

what is the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the lungs?

A

bronchodilation

20
Q

what is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on the bladder?

A

release of urine (constriction of visceral detrusor muscles and relaxation of sphincter muscles)

21
Q

what is the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the bladder?

A

urinary retention (relaxation of visceral smooth muscle and constriction of sphincter muscles)

22
Q

what is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on the pupil?

A

constricts (miosis)

23
Q

what is the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the pupil?

A

dilates (mydriasis)

24
Q

what is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on the male sexual organs?

A

erection

25
Q

what is the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the male sexual organs?

A

ejaculation

26
Q

what is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on blood vessels?

A

mostly no effect

27
Q

what is the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the blood vessels?

A

constriction mostly - increases Bp and HR

28
Q

what is the effect of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems on the salivary glands?

A

both increase secretion

29
Q

what is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on the sweat glands?

A

no effect

30
Q

what s the effect off the sympathetic nervous system on the sweat glands?

A

increase secretion

31
Q

what is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on the liver?

A

no effect

32
Q

what is the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the liver?

A

glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis

33
Q

what is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on the pilomotor?

A

no effect

34
Q

what is the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on pilomotor?

A

piloerection

35
Q

what effects does the sympathetic nervous system have on the two muscles of the bladder when the bladder is FILLING?

A

relaxation of detrusor muscles

contraction of internal sphincter muscles

36
Q

what effect does the parasympathetic nervous system have on the two muscles of the bladder when the bladder is fun (to empty it)?

A

constriction if detrusor muscles and relaxation of internal spinster muscles

37
Q

how does sympathetic innervation of the adrenal medulla cause the release of adrenaline (80%) and noradrenaline (20%)?

A

preganglionic fibres synapses diresti onto chromatin cells of the adrenal medulla

38
Q

what neurotransmitter do all preganglionic nerurons in the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems release into the ganglia?

A

ACh

39
Q

what type of receptors are present in the postganglionic neurons in the ganglia of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems?

A

nicotinic receptors

40
Q

what neurotransmitter do ALL postganglionic parasympathetic neurons realease?

A

ACh

41
Q

what neurotransmitter do MOST postganglionic sympathetic neurons release?

A

noradrenaline

42
Q

which is the only target organ of the sympathetic nervous system are stimulated by ACh on muscarinic receptors?

A

sweat glands

Blood Cells (37 decks)

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