anterior and superior mediastinum Flashcards
what vein drains the posterior chest wall?
the azygos vein
what vein drains the upper limb?
the subclavian vein
what vein drains the head and neck?
the internal jugular vein
what vein drains the anterior chest?
left brachiocephalic vein via internal thoracic veins
what landmark does the brachiocephalic trunk of the aorta divide into right subclavian and right common carotid behind?
the right sternoclavicular joint
what are the three branches of the aortic arch?
right brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery
which pulmonary artery passes posterior to the ascending aorta and SVC?
the right pulmonary artery
which pulmonary artery passes anterior to the thoracic aorta and inferior to the arch of the aorta?
the left pulmonary artery
which pulmonary artery passes SUPERIOR to the corresponding bronchus?
the left pulmonary artery
how does the RIGHT pulmonary artery pass in relation to the bronchus?
anterior to the right bronchus
which nerve accompanies the left brachiocephalic vein on the left side?
the left phrenic nerve
which nerve accompanies the left common carotid artery?
the left vagus nerve
which vein passes into the left brachiocephalic vein before lying in the arch of the aorta and passes between the left vagus and left phrenic nerves?
the superior intercostal vein (also drains the left thoracic wall)
how many C-shpaed cartilages does the trachea have?
16-20
at which level does the trachea start?
C6
what type of cartilage is the trachea composed of?
hyaline cartilage
where does the trachea end (at the CARINA)?
at T4/5
which smooth muscle extends between the ends of the trachea cartilage and is composed of smooth muscle?
trachealis muscle
which nerve lies between the trachea and oesophagus?
the left recurrent laryngeal nerve
on what side does the arch of the aorta pass to the oesophagus?
on the left side of the oesophagus
what parts of the body ARE NOT drained by the thoracic duct?
the right side of the head, right arm and parts of the chest
what is the thoracic duct a continuation of?
the CISTERNA CHYLI
what two vessels does the thoracic duct lie between in the POSTERIOR MEDIASTINUM?
the aorta and the azygos vein
which vein does the thoracic duct drain into?
the left brachiocephalic vein
what is the name of the junction where the left internal jugular and subclavian veins join?
pirigoff’s angle
which structures are the mediastinal lymph nodes mainly clustered around?
the trachea and oesophagus
which part of the mediastinum are the mediastinal lymph nodes located?
the middle mediastinum
where are the anterior brachiocephalic lymph nodes located?
around the brachiocephalic veins
what are the boundaries of the ANTERIOR mediastinum?
the sternum, pericardium and lungs with pleura
what are the boundaries of the SUPERIOR mediastinum?
the thoracic inlet, sternal angle (T4/5), manubrium, lungs with pleura
