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Human Anatomy > Posterior Back And Shoulder > Flashcards

Posterior Back And Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

Action of Trapezius

A

Descending part elevates scapula, ascending part depresses scapula, middle retracts scapula. Descending and ascending parts act together to rotate the glenoid cavity superiorly

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2
Q

Trapezius Origin

A

Medial part of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance; nuchal ligament; spinous processes of C7-T12

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3
Q

Trapezius Insertion

A

Acromion, lateral third of clavicle, and spine of scapula

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4
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Action

A

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus.

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5
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Origin

A

Spinous Processes of last 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and last 3 ribs, inferior angle of the scapula

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6
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Insertion

A

bicipital groove

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7
Q

Levator Scapulae Action

A

elevate scap, rotates glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

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8
Q

Levator Scapulae Origin

A

Posterior tubercle of transverse processes of C1-C4

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9
Q

Levator Scapulae Insertion

A

Medial border of scapula from superior angle

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10
Q

Levator Scapulae Innervation

A

Dorsal scapular (C4,C5) and cervical nerve (C3,C4)

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11
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)

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12
Q

Trapezius Innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) and C3, C4 spinal nerves

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13
Q

Rhomboid Major & Minor action

A

Retract scap, rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly.

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14
Q

Rhomboid Major Origin

A

Spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae

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15
Q

Rhomboid Minor Origin

A

Nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7 and T1 vertebrae

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16
Q

Rhomboid Major Insertion

A

medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle

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17
Q

Rhomboid Minor Insertion

A

medial end of scapular spine

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18
Q

Rhomboid Major & Minor Innvervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

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19
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior & Inferior Action

A

Superior muscle elevates ribs while the inferior portion depresses ribs, also proprioceptive

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20
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior Origin

A

spinous processes of C7 to T3

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21
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior Origin

A

spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments of T11 to L2

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22
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior Insertion

A

posterior surface of ribs 2-5

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23
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior Insertion

A

posterior surface of ribs 9-12

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24
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior Innervation

A

Intercostal nerves (T2-T5)

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25
Q

Splenius Cervicis & Captis Action

A

Unilateral= ipsilateral lateral flexion/rotation Biilateral= extension of head/neck Maintain posture, help control vertebral column

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26
Q

Splenius Cervicis Origin

A

spinous processes of T3 to T6

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27
Q

Splenius Cervicis insertion

A

tubercles of transverse processes of C1 to C3 or C4 vertebrae

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28
Q

Splenius Cervicis & Capitis innervation

A

dorsal rami of spinal nerve roots of C2-C8

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29
Q

Iliocostalis Action

A

extending spine, laterally flex spine

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30
Q

Iliocostalis Origin

A

broad tendon of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum

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31
Q

Iliocostalis Insertion

A

superior to angles of lower ribs and cervical processes

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32
Q

Iliocostalis Innervation

A

dorsal rami of adjacent spinal nerve roots (C3–L5)

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33
Q

Longissimus Action

A

extending spine, laterally flex spine

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34
Q

Longissimus Origin

A

broad tendon of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum

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35
Q

Longissimus Insertion

A

superior to ribs between tubercles and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions

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36
Q

Longissimus Innervation

A

dorsal rami of adjacent spinal nerve roots (C3–L5)

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37
Q

Spinalis Muscle Action

A

Anteriorly tilt pelvis, extending spine, laterally flex spine

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38
Q

Spinalis Origin

A

broad tendon of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum

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39
Q

Spinalis Insertion

A

superior to ribs between tubercles and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions, to mastoid process in temporal bone

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40
Q

Spinalis Innervation

A

dorsal rami of adjacent spinal nerve roots (C3–L5)

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41
Q

Semispinalis (capitis, cervicis, and thoracis) Action

A

Extension and contralateral rotation of head, cervical, and thoracic regions

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42
Q

Semispinalis Origin

A

transverse processes of C4 to T12

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43
Q

Semispinalis insertion

A

posterior occipital bone below superior nuchal line

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44
Q

Semispinalis (capris, cervicis, and thoracis) Innervation

A

dorsal rami of adjacent spinal nerve roots (C1-T6)

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45
Q

Multifidus Action

A

extension, ipsilateral lateral flexion and contralateral rotation of the spine

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46
Q

Multifidus Origin

A

posterior sacrum, posterior superior iliac spine, erector spinae aponeurosis, sacro-iliiac ligs, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, tranverse processes of T1-T3, articular process C4-C7

47
Q

Multifidus Insertion

A

entire length of spinous processes

48
Q

Multifidus Innervation

A

posterior rami of C3-C7

49
Q

Rotatores longus and brevis (cervicis and thoracis) action

A

Proprioceptive

50
Q

Interspinales action

A

Proprioceptive

51
Q

Levatores Costarum longus and brevis) action

A

Proprioceptive

52
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major action

A

extends and rotates head to same side

53
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major Origin

A

Spinous process C2

54
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major Insertion

A

lateral part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone

55
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major innervation

A

suboccipital nerve (posterior rami of C1)

56
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor action

A

Extends head

57
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor Origin

A

tubercle of posterior arch of C1 (atlas)

58
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor Insertion

A

inferior nuchal line of occipital bone

59
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor Innervation

A

suboccipital nerve (posterior rami of C1)

60
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior action

A

rotates atlas to turn face to same side

61
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior Origin

A

posterior tubercle of posterior arch of vertebra C2 (axis)

62
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior Insertion

A

Transverse process of vertebra C1 (atlas)

63
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior Innervation

A

suboccipital nerve (posterior rami of C1)

64
Q

Obliquus capitis superior action

A

extends and bends head laterally

65
Q

Obliquus capitis superior Origin

A

Transverse process C1

66
Q

Obliquus capitis superior Insertion

A

Occipital bone between both superior and inferior nuchal lines

67
Q

Obliquus capitis superior innervation

A

suboccipital nerve (posterior rami of C1)

68
Q

Sternocleidomastoid action

A

Unilateral= lateral flexion, contralateral rotation Bilateral= flexes neck down to sternum, and also flexes/protudes chin while extending neck slightly (lying down)

69
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Origin

A

Manubrium, clavicular head, posterior surface of medial first part of clavicle

70
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Insertion

A

Mastoid process and superior nuchal line of occiptal bone

71
Q

Sternocleidomastoid innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

72
Q

supraspinatus action

A

abducts arm, also acts with rotator cuff muscles

73
Q

teres minor action

A

laterally rotates arm, acts with rotator cuff muscles

74
Q

teres minor origin

A

middle part of lateral border of scapula

75
Q

teres minor insertion

A

Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

76
Q

teres minor innervation

A

axillary nerve (C5, C6)

77
Q

teres major origin

A

Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

78
Q

teres major innervation

A

Lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)

79
Q

infraspinatus insertion

A

middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

80
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior Innervation

A

Intercostal nerves (T9-T12)

81
Q

splenius capitis origin

A

nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C3 to T3 vertebrae

82
Q

splenius capitis insertion

A

lateral aspect of mastoid process and lateral third of superior nuchal line

83
Q

semispinalis cervicis origin

A

transverse processes of T1 to T6

84
Q

semispinalis cervicis insertion

A

posterior surfaces of transverse processes of vertebrae C2-C5

85
Q

Semispinalis origin

A

arises from transverse processes of C4-T12 vertebrae.

86
Q

semispinalis capitis insertion

A

between superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occipital bone

87
Q

supraspinatus origin

A

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

88
Q

supraspinatus insertion

A

superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

89
Q

supraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve (C4, C5, C6)

90
Q

infraspinatus origin

A

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

91
Q

infraspinatus action

A

laterally rotates arm, acts with rotator cuff muscles

92
Q

subscapularis action

A

medially rotates arm, as part of rotator cuff, helps hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity

93
Q

subscapularis origin

A

subscapular fossa (most anterior surface of scapula)

94
Q

subscapularis insertion

A

lesser tubercle of humerus

95
Q

subscapularis innervation

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)

96
Q

teres major insertion

A

medial lip of intertubercle sulcus of humerus

97
Q

teres major action

A

Adducts and medially rotates arm

98
Q

Deltoid (Clavicular, acromial, and spinal) action

A

Clavicular (anterior) part: flexes and medially rotates arm
Acromial (middle) part: abducts arm
Spinal (posterior) part: extends and laterally rotates arm

99
Q

Deltoid origin

A

Lateral third of clavicle; acromion and spine of scapula

100
Q

Deltoid insertion

A

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

101
Q

deltoid innervation

A

axillary nerve (C5, C6)

102
Q

serratus anterior action

A

protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall; rotates scapula

103
Q

serratus anterior origin

A

external surfaces of lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs

104
Q

serratus anterior insertion

A

anterior surface of medial border of scapula

105
Q

serratus anterior innervation

A

long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)

106
Q

triceps brachii origin

A

long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
lateral head: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
Medial head: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove

107
Q

triceps insertion

A

proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm

108
Q

triceps innervation

A

radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)

109
Q

triceps action

A

chief extensor of forearm; long head resists dislocation of humerus; especially important during adduction

110
Q

Anconeus origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

111
Q

Anconeus insertion

A

lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna

112
Q

Anconeus innervation

A

radial nerve (C7, C8, T1)

113
Q

Anconeus action

A

assists triceps in extending forearm; stabilizes elbow joint; may abduct ulna during pronation

Human Anatomy (16 decks)

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