Posterior Abdominal Wall

Question 1

vertical portion important component of posterior upper abdominal wall

Answer 1

Diaphragm

Question 2

attached to 12th rib above, iliac crest below, medially attached to T12-L5 bodies and transverse processes, laterally free floating; square (4-sided); pulls on transverse process of lumbar vertebrae and pulls rib 12 down; bilaterally is a weak extensor of trunk; unilaterally, lateral flexion of trunk; most active in walking by stabilizing trunk to keep balance

Answer 2

Quadratus lumborum

Question 3

vertebral bodies and transverse processes in front of quadratus lumborum (T12-L5); passes through abdomen through hip and thigh and attaches to femur; hip flexor (primarily) and spine flexor

Answer 3

Psoas major

Question 4

mainly tendinous; originates from T12-L5 and inserts on pubic bone; small and variably absent; more important in proprioception

Answer 4

Psoas minor

Question 5

origin is on iliac fossa; fan shaped muscle that narrows to tendon that passes into hip; fuses with psoas major near femur and helps to flex hip

Answer 5

Iliacus

Question 6

iliacus and psoas (hip flexion)

Answer 6

Iliopsoas

Question 7

ventral rami of T12-L4 innervates what muscle?

Answer 7

Quadratus lumborum

Question 8

ventral rami of L1-3 innervates what muscle?

Answer 8

Psoas major and minor

Question 9

femoral n. innervates what muscle?

Answer 9

Iliacus

Question 10

carries motor and sensory to anterior abdominal wall

Answer 10

Subcostal (T12)

Question 11

branch of L1 ventral ramus (runs posteriorly to psoas major); motor supply to abdominal wall; superior branch of L1 ventral ramus

Answer 11

Iliohypogastric (L1)

Question 12

branch of L1 ventral ramus (runs posteriorly to psoas major); motor supply to abdominal wall; sensory to groin/genitalia region inferior branch of L1 ventral ramus

Answer 12

Ilioinguinal (L1)

Question 13

starts posterior to psoas muscle and pierces through it to run course without innervating it; mixed nerve in males (cremastor muscle); sensory only in females

Answer 13

Genitofemoral: (L1-2)

Question 14

sensory only in both sexes; across iliacus inferior to inguinal ligament and anterior to anterior superior iliac spine; innervates later thigh; can be stressed to the point where sensory is lost to the lateral thigh in pregnancy and obesity

Answer 14

Lateral femoral cutaneous: (L2-3)

Question 15

largest branch of lumbar plexus; passes in between psoas and iliacus and runs inferiorly to inguinal ligament; supply motor to lower limb muscles of anterior compartment of thigh and supplies skin sensory to skin overlaying those muscles; provides innervation that flexes hip muscles and extends knee

Answer 15

Femoral: (L2-4)

Question 16

goes through obturator foramen; supplies motor innervation medial thigh muscles to adduct hip; sensory to skin covering medial thigh muscles

Answer 16

Obturator: (L2-4)

Question 17

doesn’t go directly to any muscles or skin; travels into pelvis and contributes to sciatic nerve that supplies posterior muscles of thigh and all muscles below knee

Answer 17

Lumbosacral: (L4-5)

Question 18

provides sympathetic postganglionic bodies that innervates lower body

Answer 18

Sympathetic trunk:

Question 19

1?

Answer 19

Subcostal

Question 20

2?

Answer 20

iliohypogastric

Question 21

3?

Answer 21

ilioinguinal

Question 22

4?

Answer 22

genitofemoral

Question 23

5?

Answer 23

Lateral femoral cutaneou

Question 24

6?

Answer 24

Femoral

Question 25

7?

Answer 25

Obturator

Question 26

8?

Answer 26

Lumbosacral trunk

Question 27

9?

Answer 27

Sympathetic trunk

Question 28

What vertebrae make up the posterior barrier of the abdominal cavity?

Answer 28

T12-L5

Question 29

T/F: There is no physical barrier between the abdominal and pelvic cavities.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

_____ is a set of nerves (bliateral) made of the ventral rami of the T12-L5 spinal nerves

Answer 30

Lumbar plexus

Question 31

Lumbar plexus carries what types of axons?

Answer 31

somatic motor, somatic sensory, and sympathetics to visceral body wall structures

Question 32

The patterns of _________ supply to the skin of limbs differs when comparing dermatomes to nerves

Answer 32

somatic sensory

Question 33

What motions are possible at the hip?

Answer 33

Abduction/Adduction and Flexion/Extension

Question 34

What motions are possible at the knee?

Answer 34

Extension

Question 35

L1 passes ______ (in front of or behind) psoas major\

Answer 35

behind