Anterior Abdominal Wall

Question 1

most superficial layer of anterior abdominal wall

Answer 1

skin

Question 2

Layer of anterior abdominal wall Just deep to the skin composed of subcutaneous fat layer (variable) and loose CT

Answer 2

Camper’s fascia

Question 3

thin Layer of membrane located just deep to fatty layer of fascia just below skin

Answer 3

Scarpa’s fascia

Question 4

Collectively the scarpa’s and camper’s fascia layer compose the _______ fascia

Answer 4

superficial

Question 5

The 3 layers of muscle lie between __________ and _________

Answer 5

Scarpa’s fascia; transversalis fascia

Question 6

Layer of fascia deep to the 3 muscles and superficial to the extraperitoneal fat layer

Answer 6

Transversalis fascia

Question 7

Fat layer deep to the transversalis fascia and superficial to the parietal peritoneum; not as variable

Answer 7

Extraperitoneal fat

Question 8

Layer of anterior abdominal wall deep to extraperitoneal fat and superficial to the abdominal organs

Answer 8

Parietal peritoneum

Question 9

Layers of abdominal wall from superficial to deep

Answer 9

Skin->Camper’s fascia-> Scarpa’s fascia-> 3 muscles-> transversalis fascia-> Extraperitoneal fat -> Parietal peritoneum

Question 10

Outermost muscle layer of anterior abdominal wall; run down and in; inserts on iliac spine and aponeurosis

Answer 10

external oblique muscle

Question 11

Middle muscle layer of anterior abdominal wall; origin on iliac spine and inguinal ligament; fan shaped; upper fibers run upward, middle run horizontally, lower run down and medially

Answer 11

Internal oblique muscle

Question 12

Innermost muscle layer of anterior abdominal wall; run horizontal

Answer 12

Transversus abdominus muscle

Question 13

Inserts on costal cartilages and xiphoid processes and originates on pubis; fibers run vertically; 3 times wider superiorly than inferiorly; runs in front of abdominal wall

Answer 13

rectus abdominis

Question 14

How many tendinous insertions into the superficial division of the rectus sheath are there on the rectus abdominis muscle?

Answer 14

4

Question 15

connective tissue that runs down midline of abdomen from pubis to xiphoid process; separates right and left abdominal muscles

Answer 15

linea alba

Question 16

broad and flat tendon connecting abdominal muscles to the linea alba

Answer 16

aponeurosis

Question 17

Superficial inguinal ring is found in what layer?

Answer 17

External oblique muscle

Question 18

Middle inguinal ring is found in what layer?

Answer 18

Internal oblique muscle

Question 19

Deep inguinal ring is found in what layer?

Answer 19

Transversalis fascia

Question 20

line trilayer abdominal wall muscles; comes down as far as inguinal ligament

Answer 20

transversalis fascia

Question 21

Upper 3/4 of abdomen is supported by the aponeuroses of which muscles?

Answer 21

External oblique, internal oblique, and Transverse abdominis

Question 22

Upper 3/4 of abdomen is supported superficially, deep, or both by aponeuroses of abdominal wall muscles?

Answer 22

Both

Question 23

Lower 1/4 of abdomen is supported superficially, deep, or both by aponeuroses of abdominal wall muscles?

Answer 23

Superficial

Question 24

Point where the rectus abdominis is not supported on the deep side; only superficially

Answer 24

Arcuate line

Question 25

Sensory innervation of skin over the anterior abdominal wall is provided by ________

Answer 25

ventral rami

Question 26

Sensory innervation of skin over the anterior abdominal wall is provided by ventral rami

Answer 26

Lower 5 intercostal nerves (T7-T11), subcostal nerve (T12), and iliohypogastric/Inguinal nerves (L1)

Question 27

T/F: The same nerves that supply the skin of anterior abdominal wall supply the anterior abdominal wall muscles

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Inferior and superior epigastric Arteries and veins run between what 2 layers of anterior abdominal wall layers?

Answer 28

Transverse abdominis and internal oblique

Question 29

Arteries supply the rectus abdominis of anterior abdominal wall include

Answer 29

Superior and Inferior epigastric arteries

Question 30

Lymph from the skin above the umbilicus drains into ______

Answer 30

axillary nodes

Question 31

Lymph from skin below the umbilicus drains into the

Answer 31

superficial inguinal nodes

Question 32

Flexion of the abdominal trunk occurs when the abdominal muscles are activated ______

Answer 32

bilaterally

Question 33

Lateral flexion of the abdominal trunk occurs when the abdominal muscles are activated ______

Answer 33

unilaterally

Question 34

Rotation of the abdominal trunk occurs when the abdominal muscles are activated ______

Answer 34

unilaterally

Question 35

holding breath while expending physical effort where abdomen tightens up

Answer 35

Valsalva’s maneuver

Question 36

T/F: Abdominal muscles decrease abdominal cavity volume that increases intra abdominal pressure

Answer 36

True

Question 37

T/F: Abdominal organs decrease pressure in thorax and pelvis

Answer 37

False; increase

Question 38

Arteries and veins pass ______ the inguinal ligament

Answer 38

Under

Question 39

Blood supply for the external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis come from

Answer 39

intercoastal vessels

Question 40

Intercostal vessels run in between what?

Answer 40

Transversus abdominis and internal oblique

Question 41

Arteries for rectus abdominis run _____ to the muscle

Answer 41

deep

Question 42

Most of the blood supply for rectus abdominis comes from _____ originating from external iliac artery

Answer 42

inferior epigastric artery