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GIGU > Posterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of the psoas major and minor?

A

O: TP and sides of vertebral bodies and IV disks of T12-L5

I: tendon to lesser trochanter of femur (major)

N: anterior rami L1-3

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2
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of the iliacus?

A

O: superior 2/3’s iliac fossa, ala, ant. sacro-iliac lig

I: lesser trochanter and shaft below

N: femoral n. (L2-4)

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3
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of the quadratus lumborum?

A

O: iliolumbar lig and lip of iliac crest

I: medial half of inf surface of 12th rib plus tips of lumbar TPs

N: ant T12, L1-L4

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4
Q

What is a psoas abscess?

A

back or flank pain, fever, limp, inguinal mass, pain exaggerated by extending thigh (psoas sign)

Causes= disease of organs (ex. TB spread into abdomen), cancers, infections deep to fascia

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5
Q

What is the median arcuate ligament and where is it found?

A

tendinous arch of the crura of diaphragm, unites right and left crura

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6
Q

What is the medial arcuate ligament and where is it found?

A

fascial thickening of psoas fascia, spanning lumbar body and tip of L1 TP, lateral to median

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7
Q

What is the lateral arcuate ligament and where is it found?

A

fascial thickening of quadratus lumborum running from L1 TP to tip of 12th rib

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8
Q

What paired arteries are found in the posterior abdominal wall?

A

subcostal, inferior phrenic, suprarenal, renal (L2), gonadal (L2), lumbar, deep circumflex iliac

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9
Q

What unpaired arteries are found in the posterior abdominal wall?

A

Unpaired: celiac trunk (T12), SMA (L1), IMA (3), median sacral

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10
Q

What is the path of the IVC?

A

begins ant to L5 and right of medial plane, passes through caval hiatus of diaphragm

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11
Q

What does it mean if something is a tributary?

A

Corresponding veins of paired visceral and parietal branches of aorta

Visceral= suprarenal, renal and gonadal
Parietal= inf phrenic, L3 and L4, and common iliac
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12
Q

Where does the right gonadal vein drain vs the left?

A

right gonadal –> IVC

left –> renal –> IVC

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13
Q

What are the 3 openings of the diaphragm and where are they?

A

Caval opening= T8 level, IVC, and right phrenic

Esophageal hiatus= T10 level, esophagus, ant pot vagal trunks

Aortic hiatus= T12 level, aorta thoracic duct sometimes azy and hemiazy

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14
Q

What are the parts of the muscular diaphragm?

A

Sternal part- attaches to xiphoid

Costal= attaches to inf 6 costal cartilages

Central tendon

Crura: Right crus= larger and longer L3-4 bodies, some fibers run along left side of aortic hiatus, Left= L2-3 bodies

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15
Q

What are the superior arteries of the diaphragm?

A

musculophrenic and pericadiophrenic off of internal thoracic and superior phrenic off thoracic aorta

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16
Q

What are the inferior arteries of the diaphragm?

A

inferior phrenic off abdominal aorta and intercostal branches for peripheral

17
Q

What is a para-esophageal histal hernia?

A

pouch of peritoneum and stomach fundus extends through esophageal hiatus ant to esophagus, gastric regurg does not occur bc cardiac portion normal

18
Q

What is a sliding histal hernia?

A

abdominal esophagus, cardiac, and portion of fundus through esophageal hiatus, regurg

19
Q

What is the anterior location of the kidney?

A

retroperitoneal T12-L3, lower on right, 10 cm long 5 cm wide 2 cm thick, hilum entrance to renal sinus

20
Q

What is the posterior portion of the kidney?

A

superior lies deep to 11th and 12th ribs, left hilum near transpyloric plane which runs through superior pole of right kidney, quadratus lumborum lies post

21
Q

What nerves are associated with the kidneys?

A

subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal

22
Q

What are the layers of fat and fascia of the kidney?

A

Prephrenic= adjacent to capsule extends into renal pelvis

Renal fascia= covers fat enveloping kidney and suprarenal gland, blends and ensheaths renal vessels, sup continuous with in diaphragmatic fascia

Paranephric fat= external to renal fascia

23
Q

What makes up the internal anatomy of the kidney?

A

hilum, sinus (filled with fat), pelvis, calices, cortex, medulla, pyramids, columns, papilla, segmental a and v

24
Q

Where do we find ureters?

A

inf from renal pelvis passing over pelvic brim and along lat pelvic wall and running post to ductus deferens and uterine a.

25
Q

What are the constrictions of the ureter?

A

junction of ureter with renal pelvis
crossing pelvic brim
entering bladder wall

26
Q

Where do we find the right suprarenal glands?

A

near right crus right kidney and IVC

27
Q

Where do we find left suprarenal glands?

A

near left crus, spleen, stomach, pancreas, and left renal

28
Q

What is the blood supply of the suprarenal glands?

A

sup, middle, and inf suprarenal arteries

29
Q

What is the innervation of the suprarenal glands?

A

pregang symp from T10-L1, celiac plexus and abdominopelvic splanchnic

30
Q

What drains into the common iliac LNs? What does it drain into?

A

from external/internal iliac nodes, drain into lumbar LNs

31
Q

Where are the lumbar LNs found? Where do they receive lymph from?

A

run along both sides of IVC and aorta

post wall and post pelvic wall and organs, from lumbar lymphatic trunks

32
Q

What do the pre-aortic LNs arise from and what do they drain?

A

intestinal lymphatic trunks

alimentary tract, liver, spleen, pancreas

33
Q

What level is the ilihypogastric? What does it innervate?

A

L1

internal oblique and transversus abdominis, posterolateral gluteal skin and skin in pubic region

34
Q

What level is the ilioinguinal? What does it innervate?

A

L1
internal oblique and transversus abdominis
skin in upper medial thigh, skin over root of penis and ant scrotum, mons pubis and labium majus

35
Q

What level is the Genitofemoral? What does it innervate?

A

L1, L2
male cremasteric muscle (genital branch)
genital= skin of ant scrotum moms pubis and labium majus
femoral= skin of upper ant thigh

36
Q

What level is the lateral femoral cutaneous? What does it innervate?

A

L2, L3, L4

iliacus, pectineus, and muscles in ant. thigh, skin on ant thigh and medial leg

37
Q

What level is the obtruator? What does it innervate?

A

L2, L3, L4

obturator externus, pectineus, muscles in med thigh compartment, skin on medial thigh

38
Q

What levels are the lumboscral trunk?

A

L4 and L5

GIGU (40 decks)

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