Pelvic Viscera Part 1

Question 1

What is the lowest portion of the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 1

The peritoneal recess

Between the bladder and the rectum

Question 2

What is the trigone?

Answer 2

It is a smooth mucosa at the neck of the bladder

The two ureteral openings are at the top of it and the internal urethral sphincter is at the bottom

Question 3

In the male uninary bladder which sphincter is under voluntary control?

Answer 3

Internal urethral sphincter

Question 4

Where is the female urinary bladder located?

Answer 4

Anterior to uterine cervix and vagina

Inferior to the body and fundus of uterus

Vesicouterine pouch between bladder and uterus

Question 5

What are the four parts of the male urethra?

Answer 5

1. Intramural portion in bladder wall-has internal urethral sphincter
2. Prostatic urethra passes through prostate gland
3. Membranous urethra (narrowest portion)-passes through urogenital diaphragm
4. Spongy urethra

Question 6

In males, what is the analog of the uterus and vagina in females?

Answer 6

Prostatic utricle located on urethral crest

On each side is a prostatic sinus (prostatic galnds open into these grooves)

Below the prostatic utricle are two ejaculatory ducts

Question 7

In females, what is an analog to the prostate gland in males?

Answer 7

Paraurethral glands

Question 8

Where is the vas deferences located?

Answer 8

Lies superior to the seminal vesicle and posterior to the bladder

Question 9

What two ducts join to form the ejaculatory duct?

Answer 9

Seminal vesical duct and the vas deferens duct

These ducts pass through the prostate gland and enter the prostatic urethra

Question 10

What is located around the prostate gland?

Answer 10

Anterior is the retropubic space

Posterior is the ampulla of rectum

Laterally is the prostatic venous plexus

Question 11

Describe the prostate gland

Answer 11

2/3 galndular and 1/3 muscular tissue

alkaline secretons

surrounded by dense fascial sheath that limits its expansion

Question 12

What happens in a patient with BPH?

Answer 12

Narrowing of the prostatic urethra

Question 13

What two systems does prostate cancer utilize for metastasis?

Answer 13

Venous and Lymph

Question 14

Where is peritoneum located in the rectum?

Answer 14

upper 1/3 ant. and lateral

middle 1/3 anterior

Distal 1/3 none

Question 15

What is the purpose of the pararectal fossae?

Answer 15

Allows for distension of the rectum to fill with feces without damaging surrounding structures

Question 16

What are the different parts of the uterus?

Answer 16

Fudus, body, and cervix

Body and fundus comprise 2/3

Cervix comprises 1/3

Question 17

What are the 3 layers of tissue in the uterus?

Answer 17

(Inside to out)

Endometrium

Myometrium-smooth muscle

Perinetrium-visceral peritoneum

Question 18

What would you find posterior to the uterus?

Answer 18

Intestines, primarily illeum

Question 19

Where is the round ligament located?

Answer 19

From uterus through the inguinal canal and terminates in labia majorum

Question 20

Where is the uterosacral ligament?

Answer 20

Extends from side of cervix toward sacrum

Question 21

Where is the broad ligament located?

Answer 21

The side of the uterus to lateral pelvic wall and floor of pelvis

Question 22

What are the 3 parts of the broad ligament?

Answer 22

mesometrium-attached to uterus

mesovarium-attached to ovary

mesosalpinx-attached to uterine tube

Question 23

What is the transverse cervical ligament?

Answer 23

Extends from cervic and lateral vaginal fornix to lateral wall of pelvis

Question 24

What are the four parts of the uterine tube?

Answer 24

Infundibulum

ampulla

isthmus

uterine part

Question 25

What ligaments attach the ovaries?

Answer 25

Mesovarium-attaches anterior ovary to posterior layer of braoad ligament

Ligament of ovary-attaches medial ovary to lateral angle of uterus

Suspensory ligament-lateral ovary to lateral wall of pelvic cavity. Contains ovarian vessels, nerves, and lymphatics

Question 26

What structures are below the pelvic pain line?

Answer 26

Distal rectum

anal canal

uterine cervix

vagina

bladder

Question 27

Would a woman still be able to feel uterine contractions if given a pudendal nerve block or epidural?

Answer 27

yes because the uterus is above the pelvic pain line