Pelvic Viscera Part 1 Flashcards
What is the lowest portion of the peritoneal cavity?
The peritoneal recess
Between the bladder and the rectum
What is the trigone?
It is a smooth mucosa at the neck of the bladder
The two ureteral openings are at the top of it and the internal urethral sphincter is at the bottom
In the male uninary bladder which sphincter is under voluntary control?
Internal urethral sphincter
Where is the female urinary bladder located?
Anterior to uterine cervix and vagina
Inferior to the body and fundus of uterus
Vesicouterine pouch between bladder and uterus
What are the four parts of the male urethra?
- Intramural portion in bladder wall-has internal urethral sphincter
- Prostatic urethra passes through prostate gland
- Membranous urethra (narrowest portion)-passes through urogenital diaphragm
- Spongy urethra
In males, what is the analog of the uterus and vagina in females?
Prostatic utricle located on urethral crest
On each side is a prostatic sinus (prostatic galnds open into these grooves)
Below the prostatic utricle are two ejaculatory ducts
In females, what is an analog to the prostate gland in males?
Paraurethral glands
Where is the vas deferences located?
Lies superior to the seminal vesicle and posterior to the bladder
What two ducts join to form the ejaculatory duct?
Seminal vesical duct and the vas deferens duct
These ducts pass through the prostate gland and enter the prostatic urethra
What is located around the prostate gland?
Anterior is the retropubic space
Posterior is the ampulla of rectum
Laterally is the prostatic venous plexus
Describe the prostate gland
2/3 galndular and 1/3 muscular tissue
alkaline secretons
surrounded by dense fascial sheath that limits its expansion
What happens in a patient with BPH?
Narrowing of the prostatic urethra
What two systems does prostate cancer utilize for metastasis?
Venous and Lymph
Where is peritoneum located in the rectum?
upper 1/3 ant. and lateral
middle 1/3 anterior
Distal 1/3 none
What is the purpose of the pararectal fossae?
Allows for distension of the rectum to fill with feces without damaging surrounding structures
What are the different parts of the uterus?
Fudus, body, and cervix
Body and fundus comprise 2/3
Cervix comprises 1/3
What are the 3 layers of tissue in the uterus?
(Inside to out)
Endometrium
Myometrium-smooth muscle
Perinetrium-visceral peritoneum
What would you find posterior to the uterus?
Intestines, primarily illeum
Where is the round ligament located?
From uterus through the inguinal canal and terminates in labia majorum
Where is the uterosacral ligament?
Extends from side of cervix toward sacrum
Where is the broad ligament located?
The side of the uterus to lateral pelvic wall and floor of pelvis
What are the 3 parts of the broad ligament?
mesometrium-attached to uterus
mesovarium-attached to ovary
mesosalpinx-attached to uterine tube
What is the transverse cervical ligament?
Extends from cervic and lateral vaginal fornix to lateral wall of pelvis
What are the four parts of the uterine tube?
Infundibulum
ampulla
isthmus
uterine part
What ligaments attach the ovaries?
Mesovarium-attaches anterior ovary to posterior layer of braoad ligament
Ligament of ovary-attaches medial ovary to lateral angle of uterus
Suspensory ligament-lateral ovary to lateral wall of pelvic cavity. Contains ovarian vessels, nerves, and lymphatics
What structures are below the pelvic pain line?
Distal rectum
anal canal
uterine cervix
vagina
bladder
Would a woman still be able to feel uterine contractions if given a pudendal nerve block or epidural?
yes because the uterus is above the pelvic pain line
