Peritoneal Cavity and Mesenteries Flashcards
What are the boundaries of the peritoneal cavity?
Anterior-Anterior abdominal wall
Posterior-Posterior abdominal wall
Superior-Respiratory Diaphragm
Inferior-floor of pelvic cavity
What are the functions of the peritoneum?
1) Produce peritoneal fluid
2) Minimize friction between organs
3) Resist infection by
- producing antibodies, leukocytes, and localizing infection
How does the lesser sac communicate with the greater sac?
Via the epiploic foramen
Where is the lesser sac located?
Between the lesser omentum and greater omentum
What divides the peritoneal compartment?
The transverse mesocolon
What is contained in the supracolic compartment?
Stomach, liver, spleen
What is contained in the infracolic compartment?
Small intestine, ascending colon, and descending colon
What are the boundaries of the epiploic formamen?
Anterior-hepatoduodenal L.
Inferior-1st part of duodenum
Superior-peritoneal reflection from liver to IVC
Posterior-peritoneum covering IVC
What are the two parts of the lesser omentum?
Hepato-duodenal L.
Hepatogastric L.
Lesser omentum attaches where?
Liver, stomach, and 1st part of duodenum
Greater omentum attaches where?
Greater curvature of the stomach
1st part of the duodenum
transverse colon
What are some causes of peritonitis?
Bursed viscera (appendicitis) perforated viscera (gastric ulcer) physical trauma to viscera (knife wound)
What is ascites and what is the most common cause?
Collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
cirrhosis of the liver
What are paracolic gutters?
Peritoneal lined spaces adjacent to ascending and descending colon
What would a perforated gastric ulcer on the posterior side of the stomach cause?
Inflammation of the lesser sac
