Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards
What is the division between the hypochondrium and the umbilical region?
10th rib
What is the division between the umbilical region and the pubic region?
Iliacs
What is found in the RUQ?
Liver: Right lobe
Gallbladder
pylorus of stomach
kidney
What is found in the RLQ?
Cecum
Appendix
ovary
Most of illeum
What is found in the LUQ?
Liver: Left lobe Spleen Stomach Jejunum and proximal illeum kidney
What is found in the LLQ?
Sigmoid colon
Descending colon: Inferior part
ovary
Transpyloric plane (L1)
Level of gallbladder fundus, pylorus, pancreatic neck
Subcostal plane (10th costal cartilage)
Level of transverse colon
Transtubercle plane (between iliac tubercles)
Level of iliocecal junction
Interspinous plane (between asis)
level of appendix, sigmoid colon
What is camper’s fascia?
fatty layer of superficial fascia
camping outside
What is scarpa’s fascia?
underlying membranous CT layer of superficial fascia
How does scarpa’s fascia protect you when bleeding?
Scarpa’s fascia keeps blood from going into the leg but blood will still go into the superficial perineal fascia (Colles fascia)
External Oblique m.
Origin: lower 6 ribs
Insertion: aponeurosis and linea alba
Innervation: Ventral rami of T7-12 of intercostal nerves
Action: Compress abdomen and increase intra-abdominal pressure
The lower part of the external oblique makes what?
inguinal ligament
Internal Oblique m.
Origin: Iliac crest
Insertion: Lower 10-12 ribs, aponeurosis, linea alba
Innervation: T7-12 and L1
Action: Compresses and supports viscera, laterally flexes and rotates
Transversus Abdominis m.
Origin: lower 7-12 ribs
Insertion: linea albia, pecten pubis, and pubic crest
Innervation: T7-L1
Action: Compresses and supports visceral
Rectus Abdominis m.
Origin: Pubic symphysis and pubic crest
Insertion: xiphoid process and outer surface of 5th-7th intercostal cartilages
Innervation: ventral rami of T7-T12
Action: flexes abdomen and compresses it
Describe the muscles fibers on the top 3/4
EO anterior
IO splits
TA Posterior
Describe the muscle fibers on the bottom 1/4
IO, EO, TA all anterior
At what point do EO, IO, and TA become anterior to rectus abdominis m?
Arcuate line
Thoraco-abdominal n. (T7-T11)
continuation of intercostal n.
runs between TA and IO m.
Subcostal n. (T12)
runs along inferior 12th rib
sensory: superior to illiac crest
Iliohypogastric n. (L1)
runs between 2nd and 3rd muscle layers
motor: IO and TA
Sensory: upper inguinal & hypogastric region
Ilioinguinal n. (L1)
motor: lower IO and TA
sensory: lower inguinal, anterior scrotum/labia
What does the superior epigastric a. anastamose with?
Inferior epigastric a.
When does the femoral artery become the external iliac a?
When it passes under the inguinal L.
Where does the inferior epigastric a. run?
Runs anterior to the posterior rectus sheath
The median umbilical fold is due to what?
obliterated urachus
The medial umbilical fold is due to what?
obliterated umbilical arteries
The lateral umbilical fold is due to what?
Inferior epigastric a.
Where do superficial vessels super to the umbilicus drain?
axillary nodes with a few going to parasternal nodes
Where do superficial vessels below umbilicus drain?
superficial inguinal nodes
When would you use a midline cut?
When you would need to cut rapidly
Describe how to find McBurney’s point
Lower 1/3 from umbilicus to ASIS
