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GIGU > Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

What is the division between the hypochondrium and the umbilical region?

A

10th rib

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2
Q

What is the division between the umbilical region and the pubic region?

A

Iliacs

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3
Q

What is found in the RUQ?

A

Liver: Right lobe
Gallbladder
pylorus of stomach
kidney

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4
Q

What is found in the RLQ?

A

Cecum
Appendix
ovary
Most of illeum

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5
Q

What is found in the LUQ?

A 
Liver: Left lobe
Spleen
Stomach
Jejunum and proximal illeum
kidney
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6
Q

What is found in the LLQ?

A

Sigmoid colon
Descending colon: Inferior part
ovary

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7
Q

Transpyloric plane (L1)

A

Level of gallbladder fundus, pylorus, pancreatic neck

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8
Q

Subcostal plane (10th costal cartilage)

A

Level of transverse colon

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9
Q

Transtubercle plane (between iliac tubercles)

A

Level of iliocecal junction

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10
Q

Interspinous plane (between asis)

A

level of appendix, sigmoid colon

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11
Q

What is camper’s fascia?

A

fatty layer of superficial fascia

camping outside

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12
Q

What is scarpa’s fascia?

A

underlying membranous CT layer of superficial fascia

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13
Q

How does scarpa’s fascia protect you when bleeding?

A

Scarpa’s fascia keeps blood from going into the leg but blood will still go into the superficial perineal fascia (Colles fascia)

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14
Q

External Oblique m.

A

Origin: lower 6 ribs
Insertion: aponeurosis and linea alba
Innervation: Ventral rami of T7-12 of intercostal nerves
Action: Compress abdomen and increase intra-abdominal pressure

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15
Q

The lower part of the external oblique makes what?

A

inguinal ligament

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16
Q

Internal Oblique m.

A

Origin: Iliac crest
Insertion: Lower 10-12 ribs, aponeurosis, linea alba
Innervation: T7-12 and L1
Action: Compresses and supports viscera, laterally flexes and rotates

17
Q

Transversus Abdominis m.

A

Origin: lower 7-12 ribs
Insertion: linea albia, pecten pubis, and pubic crest
Innervation: T7-L1
Action: Compresses and supports visceral

18
Q

Rectus Abdominis m.

A

Origin: Pubic symphysis and pubic crest
Insertion: xiphoid process and outer surface of 5th-7th intercostal cartilages
Innervation: ventral rami of T7-T12
Action: flexes abdomen and compresses it

19
Q

Describe the muscles fibers on the top 3/4

A

EO anterior
IO splits
TA Posterior

20
Q

Describe the muscle fibers on the bottom 1/4

A

IO, EO, TA all anterior

21
Q

At what point do EO, IO, and TA become anterior to rectus abdominis m?

A

Arcuate line

22
Q

Thoraco-abdominal n. (T7-T11)

A

continuation of intercostal n.

runs between TA and IO m.

23
Q

Subcostal n. (T12)

A

runs along inferior 12th rib

sensory: superior to illiac crest

24
Q

Iliohypogastric n. (L1)

A

runs between 2nd and 3rd muscle layers
motor: IO and TA
Sensory: upper inguinal & hypogastric region

25
Q

Ilioinguinal n. (L1)

A

motor: lower IO and TA
sensory: lower inguinal, anterior scrotum/labia

26
Q

What does the superior epigastric a. anastamose with?

A

Inferior epigastric a.

27
Q

When does the femoral artery become the external iliac a?

A

When it passes under the inguinal L.

28
Q

Where does the inferior epigastric a. run?

A

Runs anterior to the posterior rectus sheath

29
Q

The median umbilical fold is due to what?

A

obliterated urachus

30
Q

The medial umbilical fold is due to what?

A

obliterated umbilical arteries

31
Q

The lateral umbilical fold is due to what?

A

Inferior epigastric a.

32
Q

Where do superficial vessels super to the umbilicus drain?

A

axillary nodes with a few going to parasternal nodes

33
Q

Where do superficial vessels below umbilicus drain?

A

superficial inguinal nodes

34
Q

When would you use a midline cut?

A

When you would need to cut rapidly

35
Q

Describe how to find McBurney’s point

A

Lower 1/3 from umbilicus to ASIS

GIGU (40 decks)

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