Posterior abdominal wall Flashcards
Primary retroperitoneal organs
- Kidneys, ureters
- Suprarenal glands
- Abdominal aorta/IVC
Secondary retroperitoneal organs
- Duodenum (part)
- Pancreas (most)
- Ascending/descending colon
Kidney relationships
- Superior – diaphragm
- Inferior – posterior wall MM
- Anterior –
Right: liver, duodenum, ascending colon
Left: stomach, spleen, pancreas, jejunum, descending colon
Around 12th rib
Kidneys function
- Excretion wastes, water, and salts from blood
- Resorption of nutrients
- Critical role in blood volume and pressure
- Produces urine
Renal fascia surrounds:
- Kidneys
- Suprarenal glands
- Ureters (superior portion)
- Major vessels
- Perirenal fat
Fat-filled space continuous with perirenal space (through hilum)
Renal sinus
Renal hilum contents
- Renal A/V
- Ureter
- NN/lymphatics
Sensory innervation for kidney and ureters
- kidneys (T11-T12), ureters (T12-L2)
- Pain from kidney stones referred to lower back, flanks, groin
Kidney arterial supply
Kidney venous drainage
Suprarenal gland arterial supply
Suprarenal gland venous drainage
Kidney innervation (sympathetic, parasympathetic, sensory)
- Parasympathetics: Posterior vagal trunk
- Sympathetics: Renal plexus derived from mostly least splanchnic N (T12). Synapses at the aorticorenal ganglia
- Visceral afferents: Follow T11-T12 segments
Suprarenal gland innervation
Large suprarenal plexus
- Preganglionic sympathetic fibers (from thoracic splanchnics) pass through paravertebral ganglion and prevertebral ganglion without synapsing
- Terminate on chromaffin cells of suprarenal medulla
(specialized sympathetic ganglion)
Quadratus lumborum M
Quadratus lumborum M attachments, action, innervation
- Proximal attachment – iliac crest
- Distal attachment – 12th rib, transverse processes of L1-L4
- Action – laterally flexes vertebral column, fixes 12th rib during inspiration
- Innervation - T12, L1-L4
Iliacus M
Iliacus M attachments, action, innervation
- Proximal attachment – iliac fossa
- Distal attachment – lesser trochanter of femur (as iliopsoas M)
- Action – flexes thigh, stabilizes the hip joint
- Innervation - femoral N (L2-L4)
•Psoas Major M
Psoas Major M attachments, action, innervation
- Proximal attachment – transverse processes/bodies T12-L5
- Distal attachment – lesser trochanter of femur (iliopsoas M)
- Action – Flexes thigh with iliacus, laterally flexes vertebral column, balances trunk
- Innervation – L1-L3
Psoas Minor M
