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CADE Block 4 > Posterior abdominal wall > Flashcards

Posterior abdominal wall Flashcards

1
Q

Primary retroperitoneal organs

A
  • Kidneys, ureters
  • Suprarenal glands
  • Abdominal aorta/IVC
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2
Q

Secondary retroperitoneal organs

A
  • Duodenum (part)
  • Pancreas (most)
  • Ascending/descending colon
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3
Q

Kidney relationships

A
  • Superior – diaphragm
  • Inferior – posterior wall MM
  • Anterior –

Right: liver, duodenum, ascending colon

Left: stomach, spleen, pancreas, jejunum, descending colon

Around 12th rib

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4
Q

Kidneys function

A
  • Excretion wastes, water, and salts from blood
  • Resorption of nutrients
  • Critical role in blood volume and pressure
  • Produces urine
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5
Q

Renal fascia surrounds:

A
  • Kidneys
  • Suprarenal glands
  • Ureters (superior portion)
  • Major vessels
  • Perirenal fat
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6
Q

Fat-filled space continuous with perirenal space (through hilum)

A

Renal sinus

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7
Q

Renal hilum contents

A
  • Renal A/V
  • Ureter
  • NN/lymphatics
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8
Q
A
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9
Q

Sensory innervation for kidney and ureters

A
  • kidneys (T11-T12), ureters (T12-L2)
  • Pain from kidney stones referred to lower back, flanks, groin
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10
Q

Kidney arterial supply

A
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11
Q

Kidney venous drainage

A
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12
Q
A
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13
Q

Suprarenal gland arterial supply

A
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14
Q

Suprarenal gland venous drainage

A
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15
Q

Kidney innervation (sympathetic, parasympathetic, sensory)

A
  • Parasympathetics: Posterior vagal trunk
  • Sympathetics: Renal plexus derived from mostly least splanchnic N (T12). Synapses at the aorticorenal ganglia
  • Visceral afferents: Follow T11-T12 segments
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16
Q

Suprarenal gland innervation

A

Large suprarenal plexus

  • Preganglionic sympathetic fibers (from thoracic splanchnics) pass through paravertebral ganglion and prevertebral ganglion without synapsing
  • Terminate on chromaffin cells of suprarenal medulla

(specialized sympathetic ganglion)

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17
Q
A
18
Q
A

Quadratus lumborum M

19
Q

Quadratus lumborum M attachments, action, innervation

A
  • Proximal attachment – iliac crest
  • Distal attachment – 12th rib, transverse processes of L1-L4
  • Action – laterally flexes vertebral column, fixes 12th rib during inspiration
  • Innervation - T12, L1-L4
20
Q
A

Iliacus M

21
Q

Iliacus M attachments, action, innervation

A
  • Proximal attachment – iliac fossa
  • Distal attachment – lesser trochanter of femur (as iliopsoas M)
  • Action – flexes thigh, stabilizes the hip joint
  • Innervation - femoral N (L2-L4)
22
Q
A

•Psoas Major M

23
Q

Psoas Major M attachments, action, innervation

A
  • Proximal attachment – transverse processes/bodies T12-L5
  • Distal attachment – lesser trochanter of femur (iliopsoas M)
  • Action – Flexes thigh with iliacus, laterally flexes vertebral column, balances trunk
  • Innervation – L1-L3
24
Q
A

Psoas Minor M

25
Q

Psoas Minor M attachments, action, innervation

A
  • Proximal attachment – bodies of T12-L1
  • Distal attachment - iliopectineal arch
  • Action - flexes trunk (weakly)
  • Innervation – L1
26
Q
A
27
Q

Diaphragm attachments, action, innervation

A
  • Proximal attachment – ribs 7-12, costal cartilage, xiphoid process, L1-L3
  • Distal attachment – central tendon
  • Action - depresses floor of thoracic cavity, compresses abdominal cavity
  • Innervation - phrenic N
28
Q
A
29
Q
A
30
Q

Abdominal wall blood supply

A
31
Q

Abdominal wall veins

A
32
Q

What abdominal vein eventually forms axygous and hemizygous

A

Ascending lumbar vein

33
Q

Level of cisterna chyli

A

L1-L2

34
Q

Subcostal nerve level

A

T12

35
Q

Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerve levels, supply

A

L1

Inguinal - Skin of mons pubis, anterior scrotum/labia majora

36
Q

Genitofemoral nerve level, supply

A

L1-L2

Cremaster muscle, skin anterolateral scrotum/labia majora

37
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous N

A

L2-L3

38
Q

Obturator nerve level

A

L2-L4

39
Q

Femoral nerve level, supply

A

L2-L4

Iliopsoas muscle

40
Q

Lumbosacral trunk level

A

L4-L5

CADE Block 4 (10 decks)

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